--- title: "College records with nested date structure" subject: "Computer Programming" chapter: 8 key: "semester_1/computer_programming:struct-college-estdate" source: https://www.bctengineer.com/q/semester_1/computer_programming/struct-college-estdate site: BCT Engineering --- # College records with nested date structure Computer Programming · Chapter 8: Structures - Asked in: 2072 Chaitra, 8 marks - Answer checked by Claude Opus 5.5 (high effort) on 2026-10-14 - Page: https://www.bctengineer.com/q/semester_1/computer_programming/struct-college-estdate - Whole chapter: https://www.bctengineer.com/md/semester_1/computer_programming/chapter-8 ## Question Write a program to read structure "college" having name, estDate and location where estDate is another structure having day, month and year as members. Display the records of 10 colleges. ## Short answer Define a nested structure date inside college. Read 10 sets using scanf with &c[i].estDate.day, &c[i].estDate.month, &c[i].estDate.year. Display in a table with date formatted using %02d/%02d/%-6d. ## Answer **Design.** The structure `date` (day, month, year) is defined first. The structure `college` contains `name`, `estDate` (a `struct date`, the nested structure) and `location`. An array of 10 colleges is read in a loop; the nested members are reached with two dots, such as `c[i].estDate.year`. The records are then displayed in a table. ```c #include #define N 10 struct date { int day, month, year; }; struct college { char name[40]; struct date estDate; /* nested structure */ char location[30]; }; int main(void) { struct college c[N]; for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) { printf("College %d name: ", i + 1); scanf("%39s", c[i].name); printf("Established date (day month year): "); scanf("%d %d %d", &c[i].estDate.day, &c[i].estDate.month, &c[i].estDate.year); printf("Location: "); scanf("%29s", c[i].location); } printf("\n%-12s %-12s %s\n", "Name", "Est. date", "Location"); for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) printf("%-12s %02d/%02d/%-6d %s\n", c[i].name, c[i].estDate.day, c[i].estDate.month, c[i].estDate.year, c[i].location); return 0; } ``` **Sample run** (10 colleges entered; only the output after the input is shown) Input (entered one after another): `Pulchowk 5 10 1984 Lalitpur Thapathali 9 2 2011 Kathmandu Purwanchal 25 8 2010 Dharan Paschimanchal 21 7 1993 Pokhara Kathmandu 4 8 1981 Kavre Pokhara 27 7 2007 Pokhara Himalaya 20 1 2008 Lalitpur Janakpur 9 12 1994 Dhanusha Nepal 19 2 2000 Banepa Eastern 1 1 1981 Biratnagar` ```text Name Est. date Location Pulchowk 05/10/1984 Lalitpur Thapathali 09/02/2011 Kathmandu Purwanchal 25/08/2010 Dharan Paschimanchal 21/07/1993 Pokhara Kathmandu 04/08/1981 Kavre Pokhara 27/07/2007 Pokhara Himalaya 20/01/2008 Lalitpur Janakpur 09/12/1994 Dhanusha Nepal 19/02/2000 Banepa Eastern 01/01/1981 Biratnagar ``` ## Check yourself The answer's key points as multiple-choice questions, with the correct option and why. 1. In struct college, what is estDate? A. An int B. A string C. A member of type struct date (nested structure) D. A pointer Answer: C. estDate holds day, month and year. (Key point: Nested member) 2. Which must be defined first? A. struct college B. Either, order does not matter C. main() D. struct date, before struct college Answer: D. The inner type must exist first. (Key point: Definition order) 3. How is the year of the i-th college accessed? A. c[i].estDate.year B. c.estDate[i].year C. c[i]->year D. estDate.c[i].year Answer: A. Index, then two dots. (Key point: Access) 4. How many records are read? A. 1 B. 10, using an array of struct college in a loop C. Unlimited without an array D. 5 Answer: B. N is defined as 10. (Key point: Array) 5. How is the day read? A. scanf("%d", c[i].estDate.day) B. scanf("%s", c[i].day) C. scanf("%d", &c[i].estDate.day) D. scanf("%d", &c.day) Answer: C. The address of the member is needed. 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