---
title: "Mitigation measures of erosion"
subject: "Engineering Geology II"
chapter: 5
key: "semester_4/engineering_geology_ii:erosion-mitigation"
source: https://www.bctengineer.com/q/semester_4/engineering_geology_ii/erosion-mitigation
site: BCT Engineering
---

# Mitigation measures of erosion

Engineering Geology II · Chapter 5: Geological Hazards

- Asked in: 2075 Baisakh, 1 marks
- Video: [Coastal Erosion and the Methods Used to Reduce It](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_eeKpz8oD7E) — Mr Gedge's Geography Channel
- Answer checked by Claude Opus 5.5 (high effort) on 2026-10-14
- Page: https://www.bctengineer.com/q/semester_4/engineering_geology_ii/erosion-mitigation
- Whole chapter: https://www.bctengineer.com/md/semester_4/engineering_geology_ii/chapter-5

## Question

What are the mitigation measures of erosion? Describe.

## Answer

**Erosion** is the detachment and removal of soil and rock by water, wind or ice. In Nepal, water erosion on steep, cultivated and deforested slopes and river bank erosion are the main problems. The mitigation measures are:

1. **Vegetative (bio-engineering) measures:** afforestation, grassing, shrub planting, brush layering and live fascines to bind soil and reduce raindrop impact.
2. **Agronomic and land-use measures:** contour farming, mulching, crop rotation, strip cropping, controlled grazing and avoiding cultivation on steep slopes.
3. **Terracing:** bench terraces and bunds to reduce slope length and runoff velocity.
4. **Drainage control:** surface drains, cut-off drains, diversion channels and energy dissipaters to carry runoff safely off the slope.
5. **Structural measures:** check dams in gullies, gabion walls, retaining walls and sub-surface drains.
6. **River bank protection:** riprap, gabion revetments, spurs/groynes, embankments and bank vegetation.
7. **Slope grading:** cutting stable slope angles and covering bare slopes with geotextile or jute netting.
8. **Awareness and regulation:** community forest management and watershed management.

## Check yourself

The answer's key points as multiple-choice questions, with the correct option and why.

1. Which belongs to vegetative (bio-engineering) erosion control?
   A. Gabion walls
   B. Afforestation, grassing, brush layering and live fascines
   C. Riprap
   D. Retaining walls
   Answer: B. Plants bind soil and reduce raindrop impact. (Key point: Vegetative measures)

2. What does terracing do?
   A. Increases slope length
   B. Reduces slope length and runoff velocity
   C. Removes vegetation
   D. Raises groundwater
   Answer: B. Bench terraces and bunds break the slope so runoff moves slower. (Key point: Terracing)

3. What is the purpose of cut-off drains and diversion channels?
   A. To store water on the slope
   B. To carry runoff safely off the slope
   C. To increase infiltration
   D. To loosen soil
   Answer: B. They intercept and divert surface runoff away from erodible slopes. (Key point: Drainage control)

4. Which is a river bank protection measure?
   A. Contour farming
   B. Mulching
   C. Riprap, gabion revetments, spurs/groynes and embankments
   D. Crop rotation
   Answer: C. These structures shield banks from flowing water. (Key point: River bank protection)

## Related in Engineering Geology II

- [Landslide causes and mitigation](https://www.bctengineer.com/question.md?key=semester_4%2Fengineering_geology_ii%3Alandslide-causes-mitigation) — Engineering Geology II, chapter 5, asked 6×
- [Problems of Lesser Himalaya with mitigation](https://www.bctengineer.com/question.md?key=semester_4%2Fengineering_geology_ii%3Alesser-himalaya-problems) — Engineering Geology II, chapter 2, asked 5×
- [Mitigation of geological problems in Himalaya](https://www.bctengineer.com/question.md?key=semester_4%2Fengineering_geology_ii%3Ahimalaya-problems-mitigation) — Engineering Geology II, chapter 2
- [Mitigation of geological hazards](https://www.bctengineer.com/question.md?key=semester_4%2Fengineering_geology_ii%3Ageohazard-mitigation-measures) — Engineering Geology II, chapter 5
- [Himalayan hazards and mitigation](https://www.bctengineer.com/question.md?key=semester_4%2Fengineering_geology_ii%3Ahimalaya-hazards-mitigation) — Engineering Geology II, chapter 5

## Related in other subjects

- [Soil erosion causes and preventive measures](https://www.bctengineer.com/question.md?key=semester_6%2Ftransportation_engineering_i%3Aerosion-causes-prevention) — Transportation Engineering I, chapter 4
- [Air pollution: causes, effects and mitigation](https://www.bctengineer.com/question.md?key=semester_7%2Ftechnology_environment_and_society%3Aair-pollution-causes-mitigation) — Technology, Environment and Society, chapter 5, asked 3×
- [Climate change threat, impact and mitigation](https://www.bctengineer.com/question.md?key=semester_7%2Ftechnology_environment_and_society%3Acc-threat-impact-mitigation) — Technology, Environment and Society, chapter 3
- [Kathmandu air pollution: causes, effects, mitigation](https://www.bctengineer.com/question.md?key=semester_7%2Ftechnology_environment_and_society%3Akathmandu-air-pollution-causes) — Technology, Environment and Society, chapter 5