--- title: "Report on causes of deforestation" subject: "Communication English" chapter: 9 key: "semester_5/communication_english:report-causes-deforestation-hilly-nepal" source: https://www.bctengineer.com/q/semester_5/communication_english/report-causes-deforestation-hilly-nepal site: BCT Engineering --- # Report on causes of deforestation Communication English · Chapter 9: Formal Reports - Asked in: 2078 Bhadra, 10 marks; 2068 Baishakh (old course), 10 marks (asked 2 times) - Answer checked by Claude Opus 5.5 (high effort) on 2026-10-14 - Page: https://www.bctengineer.com/q/semester_5/communication_english/report-causes-deforestation-hilly-nepal - Whole chapter: https://www.bctengineer.com/md/semester_5/communication_english/chapter-9 ## Question Imagine that you have carried out a study on the causes of deforestation in the hilly regions of Nepal. Write title page, acknowledgement, abstract and recommendation parts of your report. ## Short answer A study in three hill districts identified firewood and fodder collection, agricultural expansion, unplanned road construction, fires, illegal logging, and grazing as main deforestation causes. Recommendations include strengthening community forestry, promoting alternative energy, enforcing laws, controlling fires, and replanting degraded land. ## Answer #### Title page ```text REPORT CAUSES OF DEFORESTATION IN THE HILLY REGIONS OF NEPAL Submitted to: The Director General Department of Forests, Babarmahal, Kathmandu Submitted by: Er. Kamal Poudel Environmental Researcher Central Department of Environmental Science 28 February 2027 ``` #### Acknowledgement I express my sincere thanks to the Department of Forests for giving me the opportunity to carry out this study. I am grateful to my supervisor, Prof. Dr. Mina Shrestha, for her guidance and suggestions, and to the officials of the District Forest Offices of Kavre, Dhading and Gorkha for providing data. I also thank the members of community forest user groups and the villagers who patiently answered my questions during the field work. Finally, I thank my colleagues and family for their support. Kamal Poudel #### Abstract Forests cover about 45 percent of Nepal, but forest quality in the hills has declined in many areas. This report examines the causes of deforestation in three hill districts: Kavre, Dhading and Gorkha. The study used a household survey of 240 families, interviews with forest officials, and satellite images and records of the last 15 years. The main causes were found to be firewood and fodder collection, expansion of farmland and settlement, road construction without proper planning, forest fires, illegal logging and grazing. Poverty, population pressure, and weak enforcement lie behind these causes. Where community forest groups are active, forest cover has increased, which shows that people's participation works. The report recommends community-based management, alternative energy, better planning of roads, fire control, plantation and strict enforcement. #### Recommendations 1. **Strengthen community forestry:** support the user groups with training, funds and market access for forest products. 2. **Provide alternative energy:** promote biogas, improved cooking stoves and LPG or electric cooking in the hills to reduce dependence on firewood. 3. **Plan roads carefully:** require environmental assessments for new roads and do slope protection and re-planting. 4. **Control fires:** form fire watch groups, make fire lines, and educate people before the dry season. 5. **Enforce laws:** form a quick response team against illegal logging, and use GPS and satellite monitoring. 6. **Increase fodder and grazing management:** encourage stall feeding and fodder trees on private land. 7. **Create income opportunities:** support non-timber products such as herbs, bamboo and eco-tourism. 8. **Plant and protect:** replant degraded land with native species, with care of the saplings for at least three years. 9. **Raise awareness:** include forest education in schools and use radio programmes. 10. **Continue research:** make a forest data system, updated every year. ## Check yourself The answer's key points as multiple-choice questions, with the correct option and why. 1. Which pair of details is shown on the title page of this report? A. Objectives and methodology B. Submitted to (Director General) and Submitted by (the researcher), with date C. Findings and conclusions D. List of tables and figures Answer: B. A title page gives the title, the person/body it is submitted to, the author and the date. (Key point: Title page contents) 2. What is the function of the Acknowledgement section? A. To summarise the findings B. To thank those who helped with the study, such as the department, supervisor, officials and villagers C. To list recommendations D. To define technical terms Answer: B. The acknowledgement expresses thanks to people and bodies who supported the study. (Key point: Purpose of acknowledgement) 3. Which statement matches the abstract of the deforestation report? A. It used a survey of 240 families, interviews and 15 years of satellite images and records, and found community forest groups increased cover B. It relied only on newspaper articles and found no cause of deforestation C. It studied all 77 districts and found forest cover rose everywhere D. It concluded that only illegal logging causes deforestation Answer: A. The abstract names the methods (survey, interviews, satellite images) and the finding that active community forest groups raised forest cover. (Key point: Abstract: methods and findings) 4. Which recommendation addresses dependence on firewood? A. Form fire watch groups B. Provide alternative energy such as biogas, improved stoves and LPG or electric cooking C. Require environmental assessments for roads D. Create a forest data system Answer: B. Alternative energy reduces the need to collect firewood from forests. (Key point: Recommendation on energy) ## Related in Communication English - [Final project report: title page, abstract, recommendation](https://www.bctengineer.com/question.md?key=semester_5%2Fcommunication_english%3Afinal-report-title-abstract-recommendation) — Communication English, chapter 8 - [Proposal to start a company: title, abstract, objectives](https://www.bctengineer.com/question.md?key=semester_5%2Fcommunication_english%3Aproposal-company-big-organization) — Communication English, chapter 6 - [Report on micro hydro project (abstract to findings)](https://www.bctengineer.com/question.md?key=semester_5%2Fcommunication_english%3Areport-micro-hydro-project-manager) — Communication English, chapter 8 - [Report on environmental pollution in Asia](https://www.bctengineer.com/question.md?key=semester_5%2Fcommunication_english%3Areport-environmental-pollution-asia) — Communication English, chapter 9 - [Report on road accidents on highways](https://www.bctengineer.com/question.md?key=semester_5%2Fcommunication_english%3Areport-road-accidents-highways) — Communication English, chapter 9 - [Report on development of IT in Nepal](https://www.bctengineer.com/question.md?key=semester_5%2Fcommunication_english%3Areport-it-development-nepal-ministry) — Communication English, chapter 9 ## Related in other subjects - [Deforestation: causes and consequences](https://www.bctengineer.com/question.md?key=semester_7%2Ftechnology_environment_and_society%3Adeforestation-consequences) — Technology, Environment and Society, chapter 6, asked 2×