---
title: "Flooring and its types; special floor finish"
subject: "Building Technology"
chapter: 7
key: "semester_6/building_technology:flooring-types-special"
source: https://www.bctengineer.com/q/semester_6/building_technology/flooring-types-special
site: BCT Engineering
---

# Flooring and its types; special floor finish

Building Technology · Chapter 7: Flooring

- Asked in: 2071 Magh, 8 marks
- Video: [Types of Flooring used in Building Construction || By Civil Guruji](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QrvY9At4fMU) — Civil Guruji Bhopal 
- Answer checked by Claude Opus 5.5 (high effort) on 2026-10-14
- Page: https://www.bctengineer.com/q/semester_6/building_technology/flooring-types-special
- Whole chapter: https://www.bctengineer.com/md/semester_6/building_technology/chapter-7

## Question

What do you understand by flooring? Write different types of floorings and explain any one special floor finish type.

## Short answer

Flooring is the hard, durable, level finish given over the structural base. Common types include mud, stone, concrete, terrazzo, marble, ceramic tile, timber, vinyl and carpet. Terrazzo, a special finish, consists of a cement-marble chip topping 6-12 mm thick, cured, ground, filled with cement paste, and polished with oxalic acid and wax.

## Answer

**Flooring** is the finish given to the floor surface over the structural base, to make it hard, durable, level, smooth and pleasant. It must resist wear, be easy to clean and be damp-proof.

#### Types of flooring
- Mud and brick floor.
- Stone floor (slate, kota, sandstone).
- Cement concrete floor.
- Terrazzo and mosaic floor.
- Marble and granite floor.
- Ceramic and vitrified tile floor.
- Timber (wooden board or parquet) floor.
- Linoleum, PVC, rubber, vinyl, carpet.
- Asphalt and glass floor.

#### Special floor finish: Terrazzo flooring
Terrazzo is a mix of cement and marble chips, laid as a topping 6-12 mm thick over a 25-30 mm bedding mortar (1:4) on a concrete base. Brass or glass strips divide it into panels of about 1 m x 1 m. After curing for 7-10 days, the surface is ground with carborundum stones (coarse, medium, fine), pores are filled with cement paste, and it is polished with oxalic acid and wax.

```text
   chip topping 6-12  ~~~~~~
   mortar 1:4, 25     ......
   PCC 1:2:4, 100     ======
   hardcore           oooooo
```

**Merits:** smooth, hard, durable, easy to clean, many colours. **Demerits:** costly, skilled labour, may crack at joints and be slippery when wet.

## Check yourself

The answer's key points as multiple-choice questions, with the correct option and why.

1. Flooring is
   A. The foundation
   B. The roof
   C. The wall plaster
   D. The finish over the structural base to make it hard, durable and level
   Answer: D. It must resist wear and be damp-proof. (Key point: Definition)

2. Terrazzo topping thickness is
   A. 6-12 mm over 25-30 mm mortar 1:4
   B. 50 mm over 5 mm
   C. 3 mm over 100 mm
   D. None
   Answer: A. On concrete base. (Key point: Terrazzo topping)

3. Curing before grinding is
   A. 1 hour
   B. 7-10 days
   C. 60 days
   D. None
   Answer: B. Then grinded. (Key point: Terrazzo curing)

4. A demerit of terrazzo is
   A. Not durable
   B. Hard to clean
   C. Costly, skilled labour, slippery when wet
   D. Few colours
   Answer: C. Merits include many colours. (Key point: Demerits)

## Related in Building Technology

- [Floor finish, wall cladding, floor finishing materials](https://www.bctengineer.com/question.md?key=semester_6%2Fbuilding_technology%3Afloor-finish-wall-cladding) — Building Technology, chapter 7
- [Suspended ground floor; tile flooring](https://www.bctengineer.com/question.md?key=semester_6%2Fbuilding_technology%3Asuspended-ground-floor-tile) — Building Technology, chapter 7
- [Types of flooring](https://www.bctengineer.com/question.md?key=semester_6%2Fbuilding_technology%3Aflooring-types) — Building Technology, chapter 7, asked 2×
- [Ground floor with mosaic tiling and external wall](https://www.bctengineer.com/question.md?key=semester_6%2Fbuilding_technology%3Amosaic-ground-floor-wall) — Building Technology, chapter 7
- [Flooring for low cost rural housing](https://www.bctengineer.com/question.md?key=semester_6%2Fbuilding_technology%3Aflooring-low-cost) — Building Technology, chapter 7

## Related in other subjects

- [RCC floor joist design, 15 m x 6 m hall](https://www.bctengineer.com/question.md?key=semester_6%2Fdesign_of_steel_and_timber_structure%3Afloor-joist-15x6-rcc) — Design of Steel and Timber Structure, chapter 7
- [Slab three edges continuous, one short edge discontinuous (5x4 m, 250 beam)](https://www.bctengineer.com/question.md?key=semester_7%2Fdesign_of_rcc_structure%3Aslab-three-edges-continuous-one-short) — Design of RCC Structure, chapter 9, asked 3×
- [Slab with one short edge discontinuous, 4x5 m](https://www.bctengineer.com/question.md?key=semester_7%2Fdesign_of_rcc_structure%3Aslab-with-one-short-edge-discontinuous-2) — Design of RCC Structure, chapter 9
- [Septic tank with soak pit: excavation, floor, plaster](https://www.bctengineer.com/question.md?key=semester_7%2Festimating_and_costing%3Aseptic-tank-soak-pit-f) — Estimating and Costing, chapter 6