--- title: "Shoring, its objectives and types" subject: "Building Technology" chapter: 8 key: "semester_6/building_technology:shoring-objectives-types" source: https://www.bctengineer.com/q/semester_6/building_technology/shoring-objectives-types site: BCT Engineering --- # Shoring, its objectives and types Building Technology · Chapter 8: Temporary construction - Asked in: 2071 Bhadra, 8 marks - Video: [What Is Shoring In Construction - Type of Shoring](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ml9Hc9I0HiI) — Amazing Engineering | ACES - Answer checked by Claude Opus 5.5 (high effort) on 2026-10-14 - Page: https://www.bctengineer.com/q/semester_6/building_technology/shoring-objectives-types - Whole chapter: https://www.bctengineer.com/md/semester_6/building_technology/chapter-8 ## Question Define shoring. What are the objectives of shoring? Describe the types of shoring with necessary sketches. ## Short answer Shoring is temporary support to unsafe structures using inclined, horizontal, or vertical members to prevent collapse until permanent repair. Objectives include preventing wall collapse, supporting adjoining buildings during excavation, carrying loads during alterations, and ensuring safety. Types are raking shore (inclined from ground), flying shore (horizontal between walls), and dead shore (vertical posts with needles for vertical loads). ## Answer **Shoring** is the temporary support given to an unsafe wall, building or structure to prevent it from collapsing, using inclined, horizontal or vertical timber or steel members, until permanent repair or reconstruction is done. #### Objectives - To prevent the collapse of a weak, leaning or cracked wall. - To support adjoining buildings during demolition or excavation. - To support the structure above while the lower part is altered or underpinned. - To carry loads temporarily during repair or extension. - To keep people and property safe. #### Types **1. Raking shore** **Raking (inclined) shore:** inclined members (rakers) support a wall from the outside. Rakers are at 60-70 degrees to the ground. At the top they bear on **needles** fixed through a **wall plate** that is secured to the wall, and at the bottom they rest on a **sole plate** on a firm base. **Cleats** and **braces** hold the members together. ```text wall plate wall |==|\ needle | | | \ raker | | | \ cleat | | | \ | | | \ --+----+--+-----\--- ground sole plate ``` Types: simple (single raker), compound/double (two or more rakers meeting the wall at different levels), and multiple raking shores for high walls (up to three storeys). **2. Flying shore** **Flying (horizontal) shore:** used when two parallel walls with a narrow gap (3-9 m) between them are to be supported, e.g. when the building between them is demolished. A **horizontal shore** is fixed between wall plates on the two walls, supported on needles, with inclined **struts** from lower needles up to **straining pieces** on the horizontal shore. No part touches the ground, hence "flying". ```text wall wall | ||==N====== horizontal shore ======N==|| | | || [sp] [sp] || | | || / \ || | | || / strut strut \ || | | || / \ || | | ||N/ \N|| | | || || | || = wall plate, N = needle, [sp] = straining piece ``` A single flying shore is used for gaps up to about 9 m; a double (compound) flying shore is used for wider gaps. The system is cheaper than raking shores and keeps the ground clear for work. **3. Dead shore** **Dead (vertical) shore:** used to support the floors and roofs above when a wall is removed, an opening is made in a lower storey, or the lower wall is repaired. It transfers the vertical load to the ground. It consists of vertical posts (**dead shores**) on a **sole plate** at the bottom, a **needle** (horizontal beam) passing through the wall at the top, and **braces**, **cleats** and **wedges** to take up the weight. ```text floor above ____|==needle==|____ wall| | | |wall wall| | post | | wall| | post | | |_|______|_| sole plate ``` ## Check yourself The answer's key points as multiple-choice questions, with the correct option and why. 1. An objective of shoring is: A. To remove foundations B. To paint walls C. To make buildings taller D. To prevent collapse of weak, leaning or cracked walls Answer: D. Shoring also supports adjoining buildings and structure above during alteration. (Key point: Objective) 2. Raking shore supports a wall: A. From between two walls B. From the outside with inclined rakers C. With vertical posts D. From the roof Answer: B. Inclined rakers from outside. (Key point: Raking shore) 3. Why is a flying shore cheaper than raking? A. It uses more timber B. It uses horizontal members and keeps the ground clear C. It needs piles D. It is permanent Answer: B. Per the answer, flying shores are cheaper and keep the ground clear. (Key point: Flying shore) 4. A dead shore is used to support: A. A tile B. A trench C. A scaffold D. Floors and roofs above when a lower wall is removed or opened Answer: D. It transfers vertical load to the ground. (Key point: Dead shore) ## Related in Building Technology - [Objectives of shoring; dead shore](https://www.bctengineer.com/question.md?key=semester_6%2Fbuilding_technology%3Ashoring-dead-shore) — Building Technology, chapter 8 - [Flying shoring with neat sketches](https://www.bctengineer.com/question.md?key=semester_6%2Fbuilding_technology%3Aflying-shoring-sketch) — Building Technology, chapter 8 - [Shoring and its types](https://www.bctengineer.com/question.md?key=semester_6%2Fbuilding_technology%3Ashoring-types) — Building Technology, chapter 8, asked 3× - [Shoring types and flying shore](https://www.bctengineer.com/question.md?key=semester_6%2Fbuilding_technology%3Ashoring-flying) — Building Technology, chapter 8, asked 2× - [Brick layer's scaffold and dead shoring](https://www.bctengineer.com/question.md?key=semester_6%2Fbuilding_technology%3Ascaffold-brick-layer-dead-shore) — Building Technology, chapter 8 - [Necessity and types of shoring](https://www.bctengineer.com/question.md?key=semester_6%2Fbuilding_technology%3Ashoring-necessity-types) — Building Technology, chapter 8, asked 2× ## Related in other subjects - [Importance and objectives of wastewater disposal](https://www.bctengineer.com/question.md?key=semester_6%2Fsanitary_engineering%3Aobjectives-wastewater-disposal) — Sanitary Engineering, chapter 6, asked 3× - [Current HDP objectives and amendments needed](https://www.bctengineer.com/question.md?key=semester_7%2Fhydropower_engineering%3Ahdp-current-objectives-amendments) — Hydropower Engineering, chapter 1