--- title: "Planning electrical installation of industrial building" subject: "Industrial Power Distribution and Illumination" chapter: 5 key: "semester_6/industrial_power_distribution_and_illumination:planning-industrial-installation" source: https://www.bctengineer.com/q/semester_6/industrial_power_distribution_and_illumination/planning-industrial-installation site: BCT Engineering --- # Planning electrical installation of industrial building Industrial Power Distribution and Illumination · Chapter 5: Electrification of Industrial Building - Asked in: 2073 Bhadra, 4 marks - Answer checked by Claude Opus 5.5 (high effort) on 2026-10-14 - Page: https://www.bctengineer.com/q/semester_6/industrial_power_distribution_and_illumination/planning-industrial-installation - Whole chapter: https://www.bctengineer.com/md/semester_6/industrial_power_distribution_and_illumination/chapter-5 ## Question Discuss about fundamental consideration of planning and electrical installation system for industrial building. ## Short answer Key considerations: load assessment with diversity factors, supply voltage and transformer sizing, radial/ring distribution with MDB/SDB placement, protection coordination and earthing, cable sizing for current/voltage drop/short circuit, reliability via standby supply, power factor correction, hazardous area enclosures, 20-25% spare capacity, and maintenance access. ## Answer Planning an industrial electrical installation means arranging supply, distribution, protection and wiring so that power reaches every machine safely, reliably and economically, with room for growth. #### Fundamental considerations 1. **Load assessment**: list all machines, lighting, HVAC and utilities with ratings; estimate maximum demand using utilization (Ku) and simultaneity (Ks) factors. 2. **Supply and substation**: supply voltage (11 kV/400 V), transformer size and number, substation location at the load centre. 3. **Distribution scheme**: radial or ring; MDB and SDB locations near load groups; bus trunking for machine shops; separate lighting and power circuits. 4. **Safety and protection**: correct MCCB/MCB/fuse ratings, earth-fault protection (RCCB/ELCB), proper earthing, coordination and discrimination; compliance with codes (IEC/IS, NEA rules). 5. **Cable selection and routing**: size by current, voltage drop and short circuit; routes in trays/trenches away from heat and traffic. 6. **Reliability and continuity**: standby DG set, UPS for critical loads, duplicate feeders for essential processes. 7. **Power quality and efficiency**: power factor correction, harmonic control, efficient motors and lighting, metering for energy audit. 8. **Environment**: dusty, wet, corrosive or hazardous areas need suitable enclosures (IP rating) and flameproof equipment. 9. **Flexibility and expansion**: spare capacity (20–25 %) and spare ways in DBs. 10. **Maintenance and economy**: easy access to equipment, labelling, minimum initial plus running cost. ## Check yourself The answer's key points as multiple-choice questions, with the correct option and why. 1. Which factors are used to estimate maximum demand? A. Utilization (Ku) and simultaneity (Ks) factors B. Only connected load C. Cable length D. Transformer colour Answer: A. Ku and Ks reduce the total connected load to a realistic demand. (Key point: Load assessment) 2. Where should the substation be located? A. At the edge of the plot B. At the load centre C. Far from machines D. On the roof Answer: B. A load-centre location reduces cable length, loss and drop. (Key point: Substation location) 3. What spare capacity is provided for expansion? A. No spare B. 100 % C. 5 % D. About 20-25 % with spare ways in DBs Answer: D. Planning keeps 20-25 % spare for future load growth. 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