---
title: "Building with verandah: excavation, panelled shutter, brick"
subject: "Estimating and Costing"
chapter: 6
key: "semester_7/estimating_and_costing:building-n-fig3-three-items"
source: https://www.bctengineer.com/q/semester_7/estimating_and_costing/building-n-fig3-three-items
site: BCT Engineering
---

# Building with verandah: excavation, panelled shutter, brick

Estimating and Costing · Chapter 6: Detailed Estimate

- Asked in: 2074 Asoj, 12 marks
- Video: [Door & Window Wooden Work Measurement Kaise Kare? (Step by Step)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=teoCcSFepWo) — SOLITUDE EDUCATION 
- Answer checked by Claude Opus 5.5 (high effort) on 2026-10-14
- Page: https://www.bctengineer.com/q/semester_7/estimating_and_costing/building-n-fig3-three-items
- Whole chapter: https://www.bctengineer.com/md/semester_7/estimating_and_costing/chapter-6

## Question

Estimate the quantities of the following items of work from the accompanying Building drawings:
a) Earthwork in excavation in foundation
b) Panelled door shutter
c) Brick work in foundation and plinth
[Fig. 3: room 5 m × 4 m with 1.5 m wide verandah and 20 × 20 cm pillars; schedule: door D = 110 × 210 cm, window W = 90 × 150 cm, shelf S = 90 × 150 cm; part sectional elevation on ABCD and section XY: 7.5 L.C. over 10 R.C.C. slab, R.C.C. band lintel, D.P.C., 2.5 C.C. over 7.5 L.C., earth filling, heights 2.50, 2.80, 2.10, 3.60 m; steps tread 30, riser 15; foundation sections on main wall, dwarf wall and pillar with footing widths 45/70/80 cm. Dimensions in cm, details approximate.]

## Short answer

Earthwork excavation for main walls, dwarf wall, and pillar pits: 16.73 m3. Panelled door shutter (1.10x2.10 m) after frame deduction: 1.92 m2. Brickwork in foundation and plinth: 9.75 m3.

## Answer

#### Reading of the figure
Room 5.0 × 4.0 m (clear), main walls 300 mm, with a 1.5 m verandah on the long side carried on three 20 × 20 cm pillars joined by a 200 mm dwarf wall. Assumed foundations (from the footing widths 45 / 70 / 80 cm marked): main wall PCC 0.80 m wide × 0.25 m, brick steps 0.70 m and 0.45 m wide (0.20 m high each), 300 mm wall; trench depth 0.90 m; dwarf wall trench 0.45 m × 0.75 m deep (PCC 0.20 m); pillar pit 0.70 × 0.70 × 0.90 m. Plinth 0.45 m above GL. Door D 1.10 × 2.10 m (1 no.) is the only door shown.

Centre-line of main walls = 2[(5.0 + 0.3) + (4.0 + 0.3)] = 19.20 m; dwarf wall = 5.3 − 3 × 0.20 = 4.70 m.

#### a) Earthwork in excavation in foundation
| Item | No. | L (m) | B (m) | H/D (m) | Qty (m³) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Main walls trench 0.80 wide | 1 | 19.200 | 0.800 | 0.900 | 13.824 |
| Dwarf wall trench 0.45 wide × 0.75 deep | 1 | 4.700 | 0.450 | 0.750 | 1.586 |
| Pillar pits 0.70 × 0.70 × 0.90 (3 nos.) | 3 | 0.700 | 0.700 | 0.900 | 1.323 |
| **Total** | | | | | **16.733** |

#### b) Panelled door shutter
Frame assumed 75 mm.

| Item | No. | L (m) | B (m) | H/D (m) | Qty (m²) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Door shutter D (1.10−0.15) × (2.10−0.075), 1 no. | 1 | 0.950 | 2.025 | – | 1.924 |
| **Total** | | | | | **1.924** |

#### c) Brickwork in foundation and plinth
Main wall height above step 2 = 0.90 − 0.25 − 0.20 − 0.20 + 0.45 = 0.70 m.

| Item | No. | L (m) | B (m) | H/D (m) | Qty (m³) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Main wall step 1: 0.70 × 0.20 | 1 | 19.200 | 0.700 | 0.200 | 2.688 |
| Main wall step 2: 0.45 × 0.20 | 1 | 19.200 | 0.450 | 0.200 | 1.728 |
| Main wall 0.30 × 0.70 to plinth | 1 | 19.200 | 0.300 | 0.700 | 4.032 |
| Dwarf wall 0.20 thick: (0.75 − 0.20 + 0.45 = 1.00) high | 1 | 4.700 | 0.200 | 1.000 | 0.940 |
| Pillar footing step 0.60 × 0.60 × 0.20 | 3 | 0.600 | 0.600 | 0.200 | 0.216 |
| Pillar base 0.23 × 0.23 × 0.90 to plinth | 3 | 0.230 | 0.230 | 0.900 | 0.143 |
| **Total** | | | | | **9.747** |

**Answer:** Excavation 16.73 m³; door shutter 1.92 m²; brickwork in foundation and plinth 9.75 m³ (assumed details).

## Check yourself

The answer's key points as multiple-choice questions, with the correct option and why.

1. Why are the pillar pits calculated as 3 nos. of 0.70 x 0.70 x 0.90 rather than using centre-line length?
   A. Pillar footings are isolated pits, measured per number of pillars, not a continuous trench
   B. Pillars are made of different mortar
   C. Pits are always measured in cubic metres per metre length
   D. The pillar pits are deducted from the main trench
   Answer: A. Isolated footings are measured as number x length x breadth x depth, separate from continuous wall trenches. (Key point: Pillar pits counted by number)

2. Why is the dwarf wall length 5.3 - 3 x 0.20 = 4.70 m?
   A. The dwarf wall is shorter by half of every pillar
   B. Three door openings are deducted
   C. The three pillars of 0.20 m occupy part of the length, so their widths are deducted
   D. The wall ends 0.20 m short at each corner
   Answer: C. The dwarf wall runs between pillars, so the pillar widths are removed from the overall length to avoid double counting. (Key point: Dwarf wall length)

3. The door is 1.10 x 2.10 m with a 75 mm frame. Which shutter area is correct?
   A. 1.10 x 2.10 = 2.31 m2
   B. (1.10 - 0.15) x (2.10 - 0.075) = 1.924 m2
   C. (1.10 - 0.075) x (2.10 - 0.15) = 1.99 m2
   D. (1.10 - 0.15) x (2.10 - 0.15) = 1.71 m2
   Answer: B. The frame takes 75 mm on each side of the width and 75 mm at the head of the height: 0.95 x 2.025 = 1.924 m2. (Key point: Shutter size)

4. Trench 0.90 m, PCC 0.25 m, two steps of 0.20 m each, plinth 0.45 m. What is the main wall height above step 2?
   A. 0.70 m
   B. 0.25 m
   C. 1.15 m
   D. 0.95 m
   Answer: A. 0.90 - 0.25 - 0.20 - 0.20 = 0.25 m below ground, plus 0.45 m above ground = 0.70 m. (Key point: Wall height above step 2)

## Related in Estimating and Costing

- [Building: excavation, brick, paneled door, plaster](https://www.bctengineer.com/question.md?key=semester_7%2Festimating_and_costing%3Abuilding-p-four-items) — Estimating and Costing, chapter 6
- [Two-room building: brick plinth, door shutters, plaster](https://www.bctengineer.com/question.md?key=semester_7%2Festimating_and_costing%3Abuilding-m-two-room-three-items) — Estimating and Costing, chapter 6
- [Building: excavation, PCC foundation, brick](https://www.bctengineer.com/question.md?key=semester_7%2Festimating_and_costing%3Abuilding-q-three-items) — Estimating and Costing, chapter 6
- [Building: excavation, PCC, brick, wood work](https://www.bctengineer.com/question.md?key=semester_7%2Festimating_and_costing%3Abuilding-f-fig3-four-items) — Estimating and Costing, chapter 6
- [Two-room building: excavation, PCC, brick, plaster](https://www.bctengineer.com/question.md?key=semester_7%2Festimating_and_costing%3Abuilding-h-two-room-fig1) — Estimating and Costing, chapter 6
- [Building: excavation, soling, PCC, brick to plinth](https://www.bctengineer.com/question.md?key=semester_7%2Festimating_and_costing%3Abuilding-o-framed-4-items) — Estimating and Costing, chapter 6

## Related in other subjects

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