---
title: "Project verification and inspection"
subject: "ICT Project Management"
chapter: 7
key: "semester_7/ict_project_management:project-verification"
source: https://www.bctengineer.com/q/semester_7/ict_project_management/project-verification
site: BCT Engineering
---

# Project verification and inspection

ICT Project Management · Chapter 7: Project Integration Management

- Asked in: year not given
- Answer checked by Claude Opus 5.5 (high effort) on 2026-10-14
- Page: https://www.bctengineer.com/q/semester_7/ict_project_management/project-verification
- Whole chapter: https://www.bctengineer.com/md/semester_7/ict_project_management/chapter-7

## Question

What do you mean by project verification? Describe it with Inspection tools and techniques.

## Short answer

Project verification (validate scope) formally checks that deliverables meet requirements and acceptance criteria, obtaining customer sign-off. Inspection includes reviews, walkthroughs, testing, audits, demonstrations, and measurement. Rejected items trigger change requests or rework.

## Answer

**Project verification** (scope verification / validation) is the process of formally checking that the project deliverables are complete, satisfy the requirements and meet acceptance criteria before they are accepted by the customer or sponsor. In PMBOK this is "Validate scope" (Monitoring and controlling), while verification more broadly confirms that the product was built correctly according to specification ("did we build the product right?").

#### Process
1. Gather completed deliverables that have passed quality control.
2. Review them with the customer or sponsor against the scope statement, requirements and WBS dictionary.
3. Record accepted and rejected items.
4. Obtain formal written acceptance (sign-off).
5. Raise change requests or defect repairs for rejected items.

#### Inspection (tool and technique)
Inspection includes activities such as measuring, examining and testing to determine whether work and deliverables meet requirements and acceptance criteria. It is also called reviews, product reviews, audits and walkthroughs.

| Inspection technique | Description |
|---|---|
| Review | Examine documents/product against criteria |
| Walkthrough | Author explains work to peers for comments |
| Peer review / technical review | Experts check design, code |
| Audit | Independent examination of compliance |
| Testing | Execute product, check actual vs expected |
| Measurement | Compare results with limits |
| Demonstration | Show functions to customer |
| Acceptance testing | User verifies features |

```text
Deliverable -> Inspect -> Meets criteria?
                  yes -> Acceptance sign-off
                  no  -> Change request / rework
```

#### Outputs
Accepted deliverables, change requests, work performance information and project document updates.

#### Verification vs validation
- **Verification**: checks conformance to specification (internal, often by team).
- **Validation**: confirms the product meets the customer's needs (external, by customer).

**Example:** A new payroll module is demonstrated to finance staff who check calculations against 50 test cases and sign the acceptance form.

## Check yourself

The answer's key points as multiple-choice questions, with the correct option and why.

1. What is project verification (scope validation) mainly about?
   A. Assigning responsibility to team members
   B. Creating the WBS
   C. Estimating the cost of deliverables
   D. Formally checking that deliverables are complete and meet acceptance criteria before acceptance
   Answer: D. It is the formal check of deliverables against requirements and acceptance criteria, ending in customer acceptance. (Key point: Meaning of verification)

2. Which statement correctly separates verification from validation?
   A. They are identical
   B. Verification checks needs; validation checks specification
   C. Verification is done by the customer; validation by the team
   D. Verification checks conformance to specification; validation confirms the product meets the customer's needs
   Answer: D. Verification asks whether it was built right (to spec); validation asks whether it meets the customer's needs. (Key point: Verification vs validation)

3. Which is an inspection technique?
   A. Reserve analysis
   B. Walkthrough where the author explains work to peers
   C. Bottom-up estimating
   D. Crashing the schedule
   Answer: B. Inspection includes reviews, walkthroughs, peer reviews, audits, testing and demonstrations. (Key point: Inspection techniques)

4. What happens to a deliverable that fails inspection?
   A. The scope baseline is deleted
   B. It is removed from the WBS
   C. It receives sign-off anyway
   D. A change request or rework is raised
   Answer: D. Rejected items lead to change requests or defect repair; only those that meet criteria get acceptance sign-off. (Key point: Outcome of rejected deliverable)

## Related in ICT Project Management

- [Charter tools, inputs and outputs](https://www.bctengineer.com/question.md?key=semester_7%2Fict_project_management%3Acharter-tools-inputs-outputs) — ICT Project Management, chapter 7
- [Cost estimating tools](https://www.bctengineer.com/question.md?key=semester_7%2Fict_project_management%3Acost-estimating-tools) — ICT Project Management, chapter 9
- [Risk identification techniques](https://www.bctengineer.com/question.md?key=semester_7%2Fict_project_management%3Arisk-identification-techniques) — ICT Project Management, chapter 12
- [Project development life cycle phases](https://www.bctengineer.com/question.md?key=semester_7%2Fict_project_management%3Aproject-development-life-cycle) — ICT Project Management, chapter 1
- [Project management body of knowledge](https://www.bctengineer.com/question.md?key=semester_7%2Fict_project_management%3Adefine-pmbok) — ICT Project Management, chapter 2
- [Project environment](https://www.bctengineer.com/question.md?key=semester_7%2Fict_project_management%3Aproject-environment) — ICT Project Management, chapter 2

## Related in other subjects

- [Tools and techniques for risk identification](https://www.bctengineer.com/question.md?key=semester_7%2Fproject_engineering%3Arisk-identification-tools-techniques) — Project Engineering, chapter 5, asked 2×
- [Animation techniques and software tools](https://www.bctengineer.com/question.md?key=semester_8%2Fmultimedia_system%3Aanimation-techniques-tools) — Multimedia System, chapter 4
- [Techniques of project formulation](https://www.bctengineer.com/question.md?key=semester_7%2Fproject_engineering%3Atechniques-project-formulation) — Project Engineering, chapter 2, asked 3×
- [Planning tools, milestone chart, WBS](https://www.bctengineer.com/question.md?key=semester_7%2Fproject_engineering%3Aplanning-tools-milestone-wbs) — Project Engineering, chapter 3