--- title: "Bases and types of project classification" subject: "Project Engineering" chapter: 1 key: "semester_7/project_engineering:bases-of-project-classification" source: https://www.bctengineer.com/q/semester_7/project_engineering/bases-of-project-classification site: BCT Engineering --- # Bases and types of project classification Project Engineering · Chapter 1: Introduction of Project and Project Management - Asked in: 2079 Bhadra, 6 marks - Video: [Types of Project Management [CLEAR BREAKDOWN]](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hcBFRd6YhHY) — Adriana Girdler - Answer checked by Claude Opus 5.5 (high effort) on 2026-10-14 - Page: https://www.bctengineer.com/q/semester_7/project_engineering/bases-of-project-classification - Whole chapter: https://www.bctengineer.com/md/semester_7/project_engineering/chapter-1 ## Question What are the different bases of project classification and the types of projects on those bases? ## Short answer Classification bases: sector (agriculture, industry, energy, transport, health, education), size/cost (small, medium, large, mega), ownership (public, private, PPP), resources (labour/capital intensive), participation (domestic, bilateral, multilateral, joint venture), purpose (production, service, infrastructure, social), technology (conventional, high-tech), time (short, medium, long term), location (urban, rural, regional, national). ## Answer | Basis | Types | Example | |---|---|---| | Sector | Agriculture, industry, energy, transport, health, education | Irrigation canal, cement factory | | Size / cost | Small, medium, large, mega | Foot trail vs Melamchi water project | | Ownership | Public, private, public-private (PPP) | Government road, private hotel, BOOT hydropower | | Nature of resources | Labour intensive, capital intensive | Rural road by user groups, a dam | | Participation | Domestic, bilateral, multilateral, joint venture | Government-funded road, Pokhara Airport (China Exim loan), ADB-funded water supply, Khimti hydropower | | Purpose | Production, service, infrastructure, social | Factory, school, bridge | | Technology | Conventional, high technology | Manual brick kiln vs automated plant | | Time | Short term, medium term, long term | 6-month school building vs 10-year highway | | Location | Urban, rural, regional, national | Smart city, village water supply | One project can be placed in several classes at once. For example, a rural road built by users is a transport-sector, public, infrastructure, labour-intensive, small, domestic project. ## Check yourself The answer's key points as multiple-choice questions, with the correct option and why. 1. Which of these is a basis for classifying projects? A. Only the name of the project manager B. Only the colour and shape of the final structure C. Only the number of drawings prepared D. Sector, size/cost, ownership, nature of resources, participation, purpose, technology, time and location Answer: D. Projects are classified on many bases such as sector, size, ownership, resources, participation, purpose, technology, time and location. (Key point: Bases of classification) 2. Which types come under classification by participation? A. Small, medium, large, mega B. Labour intensive and capital intensive C. Domestic, bilateral, multilateral and joint venture D. Short, medium and long term Answer: C. Participation shows who takes part in funding or implementation. (Key point: Participation basis) 3. Foot trail vs Melamchi water project is an example of classification by which basis? A. Technology B. Location C. Purpose D. Size / cost Answer: D. Small projects like trails differ from mega ones like Melamchi in size and cost. (Key point: Size basis example) 4. How can a rural road built by user groups be classified? A. As public sector, infrastructure, labour intensive, small and domestic all at once B. Only as a capital intensive mega project C. Only as a private multilateral project D. It cannot be classified because it is too small Answer: A. One project can belong to several classes at the same time, one for each basis. (Key point: Multiple classes) ## Related in Project Engineering - [Types of projects; effect of project management](https://www.bctengineer.com/question.md?key=semester_7%2Fproject_engineering%3Aproject-types-effect-of-management) — Project Engineering, chapter 1 - [Labour intensive versus capital intensive projects](https://www.bctengineer.com/question.md?key=semester_7%2Fproject_engineering%3Alabour-vs-capital-intensive-projects) — Project Engineering, chapter 1 - [Risk sources in over-budget, delayed projects of Nepal](https://www.bctengineer.com/question.md?key=semester_7%2Fproject_engineering%3Arisk-sources-nepal-delayed-projects) — Project Engineering, chapter 5 - [Sources of financing large projects](https://www.bctengineer.com/question.md?key=semester_7%2Fproject_engineering%3Asources-of-project-finance-large-projects) — Project Engineering, chapter 6 - [Project types and task environment elements](https://www.bctengineer.com/question.md?key=semester_7%2Fproject_engineering%3Aproject-types-task-environment-elements) — Project Engineering, chapter 1 - [Operating environment makes projects complex, uncertain](https://www.bctengineer.com/question.md?key=semester_7%2Fproject_engineering%3Atask-environment-complex-uncertain-nepal) — Project Engineering, chapter 1 ## Related in other subjects - [Repeatability assumption, select best of three projects](https://www.bctengineer.com/question.md?key=semester_6%2Fengineering_economics%3Arepeatability-abc-14) — Engineering Economics, chapter 4, asked 2× - [Repeatability comparison of projects A and B](https://www.bctengineer.com/question.md?key=semester_6%2Fengineering_economics%3Arepeatability-a-b-200000-300000) — Engineering Economics, chapter 4 - [Best of three mutually exclusive projects, 10-year study](https://www.bctengineer.com/question.md?key=semester_6%2Fengineering_economics%3Amutually-exclusive-abc-study-10-years) — Engineering Economics, chapter 4 - [Best combination with independent and contingent projects](https://www.bctengineer.com/question.md?key=semester_6%2Fengineering_economics%3Acombination-a-independent-b-contingent-c) — Engineering Economics, chapter 4