---
title: "EVA; 100 precast windows in 20 days"
subject: "Project Engineering"
chapter: 4
key: "semester_7/project_engineering:eva-precast-windows-c70"
source: https://www.bctengineer.com/q/semester_7/project_engineering/eva-precast-windows-c70
site: BCT Engineering
---

# EVA; 100 precast windows in 20 days

Project Engineering · Chapter 4: Project Implementation and Controlling

- Asked in: 2070 Chaitra, 6 marks
- Answer checked by Claude Opus 5.5 (high effort) on 2026-10-14
- Page: https://www.bctengineer.com/q/semester_7/project_engineering/eva-precast-windows-c70
- Whole chapter: https://www.bctengineer.com/md/semester_7/project_engineering/chapter-4

## Question

A construction company is planned to fix 100 units of precast window in 20 days with a budget of 25 lakhs. The progress status was reviewed on 10 days from the date of start of fixing and only 40 units were fixed with the expenses of 9 lakhs. Find out all the parameters of earned value analysis and comment on its performance.

## Short answer

PV=12.50, EV=10.00, AC=9.00 lakh; SV=-2.50, CV=1.00, SPI=0.800, CPI=1.111, so behind schedule and under budget. EAC=22.50 lakh, ETC=13.50 lakh, forecast duration 25 days.

## Answer

All money values are in Rs lakh.

#### Data

- BAC = Rs 25 lakh for 100 windows in 20 days, so the budget = Rs 0.25 lakh/window
- At day 10: planned = 50 % of the work; fixed = 40 windows (40 %); expenses = Rs 9 lakh

$$
\begin{aligned}
PV &= 0.50 \times 25 = 12.50\\
EV &= 40 \times 0.25 = 10.00\\
AC &= 9.00
\end{aligned}
$$

#### Calculation

$$
\begin{aligned}
SV &= EV - PV = 10.00 - 12.50 = -2.50\\
CV &= EV - AC = 10.00 - 9.00 = 1.00\\
SPI &= EV/PV = 10.00/12.50 = 0.800\\
CPI &= EV/AC = 10.00/9.00 = 1.111\\
EAC &= BAC/CPI = 25.00/1.111 = 22.50\\
ETC &= EAC - AC = 22.50 - 9.00 = 13.50\\
VAC &= BAC - EAC = 25.00 - 22.50 = 2.50\\
\text{Forecast duration} &= 20/SPI = 20/0.800 = 25\ \text{days}
\end{aligned}
$$

#### Comment

- **Schedule:** SV is negative and SPI = 0.800, so the project is **behind schedule**. Only 80 % of the planned work is done. At this rate the fixing will take about 25 days instead of the planned 20 days (5 days late).
- **Cost:** CV is positive and CPI = 1.111, so the project is **under budget**. Each Rs 1 spent gives Rs 1.11 of work.
- **Forecast:** if the present cost trend continues, the final cost will be Rs 22.50 lakh against the budget of Rs 25.00 lakh (variance at completion = Rs 2.50 lakh saving).

**Answer: SV = -Rs 2.50 lakh, CV = Rs 1.00 lakh, SPI = 0.800, CPI = 1.111; the project is behind schedule and under budget.**

Cost is favourable but progress is slow. Controlling statements: add resources or work extra shifts to recover the delay, remove bottlenecks (material, equipment, approvals), and keep the present cost discipline.

The company is late (40 windows fixed against 50 planned), but each unit costs less than budgeted (Rs 0.225 lakh against Rs 0.25 lakh).

## Check yourself

The answer's key points as multiple-choice questions, with the correct option and why.

1. BAC = Rs 25 lakh over 20 days. What is PV at day 10?
   A. Rs 10.00 lakh
   B. Rs 12.50 lakh
   C. Rs 9.00 lakh
   D. Rs 25.00 lakh
   Answer: B. Half the time has passed, so planned work is 50%: PV = 0.5 x 25 = 12.50. (Key point: Planned value at day 10)

2. 40 windows are fixed at a budget of Rs 0.25 lakh each. What is EV?
   A. Rs 9.00 lakh
   B. Rs 12.50 lakh
   C. Rs 10.00 lakh
   D. Rs 25.00 lakh
   Answer: C. EV = 40 x 0.25 = Rs 10.00 lakh, the budgeted value of the work actually done. (Key point: Earned value)

3. With PV = 12.50, EV = 10.00, AC = 9.00, which set is correct?
   A. SV = -2.50, CV = +1.00, SPI = 0.800, CPI = 1.111
   B. SV = +2.50, CV = -1.00, SPI = 1.25, CPI = 0.9
   C. SV = -2.50, CV = -1.00, SPI = 0.800, CPI = 0.9
   D. SV = -3.50, CV = +1.00, SPI = 0.72, CPI = 1.111
   Answer: A. SV = 10 - 12.5 = -2.5; CV = 10 - 9 = 1; SPI = 10/12.5 = 0.8; CPI = 10/9 = 1.111. (Key point: Variances and indices)

4. How is the final cost forecast, and what is it here?
   A. EAC = BAC/CPI = 25/1.111 = Rs 22.50 lakh
   B. EAC = BAC x CPI = Rs 27.78 lakh
   C. EAC = BAC/SPI = Rs 31.25 lakh
   D. EAC = AC + BAC = Rs 34 lakh
   Answer: A. If the present cost trend continues, EAC = BAC/CPI = 22.50, so VAC = 2.50 lakh saving. (Key point: Forecast EAC)

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