--- title: "Employment shifts, old social problems and culture" subject: "Technology, Environment and Society" chapter: 1 key: "semester_7/technology_environment_and_society:employment-shift-culture-values" source: https://www.bctengineer.com/q/semester_7/technology_environment_and_society/employment-shift-culture-values site: BCT Engineering --- # Employment shifts, old social problems and culture Technology, Environment and Society · Chapter 1: Technology - Asked in: 2083 Bhadra, 4 marks - Answer checked by Claude Opus 5.5 (high effort) on 2026-10-14 - Page: https://www.bctengineer.com/q/semester_7/technology_environment_and_society/employment-shift-culture-values - Whole chapter: https://www.bctengineer.com/md/semester_7/technology_environment_and_society/chapter-1 ## Question Describe the shifts in employment due to technological advancement. How does technology expose old social problems and influence culture, tradition, and social values? ## Short answer Automation replaces manual jobs, shifts workers from agriculture to services and IT, creates new skilled jobs, and increases remote and gig work. Technology exposes old problems such as gender bias, digital divide and corruption. It also changes culture by breaking joint families, spreading western lifestyles and shifting values toward individualism and money. ## Answer #### Shifts in employment Technological advancement replaces some jobs and creates new ones. - **Mechanisation and automation** reduce manual jobs: tractors replace farm labourers, ATMs replace bank tellers, excavators replace road labourers. - **Sector shift:** workers move from agriculture to industry and then to services/IT. - **New jobs:** software developers, network engineers, digital marketers, solar technicians, delivery riders. - **Skill demand:** demand rises for skilled and educated workers; unskilled workers face unemployment or migrate abroad. - **New work forms:** remote work, freelancing and gig jobs. #### Exposing old social problems Technology makes hidden problems visible: - Ultrasound misuse exposed son preference and gender discrimination. - Online learning during COVID-19 exposed the rich–poor digital divide. - Mechanisation exposed lack of skills and unemployment. - Social media exposed corruption, caste discrimination and domestic violence. #### Influence on culture, tradition and social values - Joint families break into nuclear families due to urban and foreign jobs. - Western dress, food and language spread through TV and internet. - Festivals and rituals are modernised (party palaces, online greetings). - Caste-based occupations decline; women gain independence. - Values shift from community and religion toward individualism, money, time and education. ## Check yourself The answer's key points as multiple-choice questions, with the correct option and why. 1. How does technology shift employment? A. It only creates jobs B. It only removes jobs C. It leaves jobs unchanged D. It replaces some jobs (tractors, ATMs) and creates new ones (developers, solar technicians), raising demand for skilled workers Answer: D. Mechanisation reduces manual jobs while new skilled jobs and work forms such as freelancing appear. (Key point: Employment shift) 2. What did online learning during COVID-19 expose? A. The rich-poor digital divide B. Teacher shortages only C. Weak textbooks D. Rainfall patterns Answer: A. Students without devices or internet could not study, exposing the existing divide. (Key point: Exposing problems) 3. Why do joint families break into nuclear families? A. Because of religion B. Urban and foreign jobs C. Because of social media only D. Because of marriage laws Answer: B. Urban and foreign jobs separate family members. (Key point: Family structure) 4. How do social values shift due to technology? A. Toward religion and inherited status B. Toward isolation from money C. Away from community and religion toward individualism, money, time and education D. No shift occurs Answer: C. Values move from community and religion toward individualism, money, time and education. 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