---
title: "Short note: Trade marks, patents, design"
subject: "Engineering Professional Practice"
chapter: 5
key: "semester_8/engineering_professional_practice:short-note-trademarks-patents-design"
source: https://www.bctengineer.com/q/semester_8/engineering_professional_practice/short-note-trademarks-patents-design
site: BCT Engineering
---

# Short note: Trade marks, patents, design

Engineering Professional Practice · Chapter 5: Regulatory Environment

- Asked in: 2073 Magh, 2 marks
- Video: [Intellectual Properties Right | Patent |Trademark| Design | Copyright| BadaDream](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lUgj1TieyTg) — BadaDream
- Answer checked by Claude Opus 5.5 (high effort) on 2026-10-14
- Page: https://www.bctengineer.com/q/semester_8/engineering_professional_practice/short-note-trademarks-patents-design
- Whole chapter: https://www.bctengineer.com/md/semester_8/engineering_professional_practice/chapter-5

## Question

Write a short note on Trade marks, Patents, Design.

## Short answer

Trademarks, patents and designs are industrial property protected under the Patent, Design and Trademark Act 2022 and registered at the Department of Industry. A trademark identifies goods or services, a patent protects a new invention, and a design protects a product's shape or appearance. Registration gives exclusive rights and remedies against infringement.

## Answer

These are forms of industrial property, protected in Nepal by the Patent, Design and Trademark Act 2022 and registered at the Department of Industry.

- **Trade mark:** a word, name, symbol, logo or sign that identifies the goods or services of one business and distinguishes them from others. The owner gets the exclusive right to use it, and registration is valid for a fixed period (7 years) and can be renewed. Example: the name and logo of a cement brand.
- **Patent:** an exclusive right given to the inventor of a new, inventive and industrially useful product or process, for a limited period. In return the invention is disclosed to the public. Example: a new method of making a building material. The patent holder can stop others from making, selling or using the invention without permission.
- **Design:** the shape, pattern, ornament or configuration that gives a product its appearance, such as the shape of a bottle or a tile pattern. It protects appearance, not the function, and is protected for a limited period that can be renewed.

Registration gives the owner the right to sue an infringer and to claim compensation. Copyright (Copyright Act 2059) protects drawings, books and software separately.

## Check yourself

The answer's key points as multiple-choice questions, with the correct option and why.

1. What does design protection cover?
   A. The function of a product
   B. The shape, pattern or ornament giving appearance
   C. A new process
   D. A written book
   Answer: B. Design protects appearance, not function. (Key point: Design protection)

2. What does an inventor give in return for a patent?
   A. Money to the court
   B. Public disclosure of the invention
   C. Ownership of the invention
   D. Nothing
   Answer: B. The invention is disclosed to the public in return for the exclusive right. (Key point: Patent in return)

3. Registration of these rights gives the owner
   A. the right to sue an infringer and claim compensation
   B. no legal rights
   C. a government job
   D. tax exemption
   Answer: A. Registered owners can sue infringers and claim compensation. (Key point: Registration benefit)

## Related in other subjects

- [Video rental shop class diagram](https://www.bctengineer.com/question.md?key=semester_6%2Fobject_oriented_analysis_and_design%3Avideo-rental-class-diagram) — Object Oriented Analysis and Design, chapter 2
- [Visibility symbols +, -, # in classes](https://www.bctengineer.com/question.md?key=semester_6%2Fobject_oriented_analysis_and_design%3Avisibility-signs-class-diagram) — Object Oriented Analysis and Design, chapter 3