--- title: "CMS; guideline for six-department organization" subject: "Internet and Intranet" chapter: 6 key: "semester_8/internet_and_intranet:cms-guideline-six-departments" source: https://www.bctengineer.com/q/semester_8/internet_and_intranet/cms-guideline-six-departments site: BCT Engineering --- # CMS; guideline for six-department organization Internet and Intranet · Chapter 6: Internet and Intranet Systems Development - Asked in: 2070 Magh, 2+8 marks - Answer checked by Claude Opus 5.5 (high effort) on 2026-10-14 - Page: https://www.bctengineer.com/q/semester_8/internet_and_intranet/cms-guideline-six-departments - Whole chapter: https://www.bctengineer.com/md/semester_8/internet_and_intranet/chapter-6 ## Question What do you mean by Content Management System (CMS)? An organization has more than six departments each of which has more than fifty internet users. Present your guideline for its internet and intranet system development with respect to the resources required. ## Short answer A CMS lets authorized users create, edit and publish web content without HTML, separating content from design. For about 350 users with 60% concurrency, estimate 210 simultaneous users at 256 kbps each, needing about 54 Mbps, so provision at least a 60 or 100 Mbps link plus servers, switches, firewall, backup, staff and a departmental intranet portal. ## Answer #### Content Management System (CMS) A **CMS** is software that lets authorised users create, edit, organise, publish and maintain web content through a simple interface, without knowing HTML. It stores content in a database, separates content from design (templates), and controls roles and workflow. Examples: WordPress, Joomla, Drupal. #### Guideline for internet and intranet development **Assumptions.** Seven departments x 50+ users = about 350 users; 60% use the internet at the same time at peak; the organisation needs a public website, e-mail and an intranet portal. **1. Requirement analysis.** Identify services: web, e-mail, file sharing, intranet portal, internet browsing, DNS, DHCP. **2. Network design (hierarchical, structured cabling).** - One access switch (48-port) per department floor, two core L3 switches, a VLAN per department. - Fibre between floors/buildings, CAT6 to desks, Wi-Fi APs for mobility. - Server room with UPS, cooling and a rack. **3. Internet connection.** About 350 users, 60% concurrent (about 210 users), 256 kbps each: 210 x 256 kbps = about 54 Mbps. Take a link of at least 60 Mbps (100 Mbps allows for growth), with a second ISP for backup. Use a proxy/cache to save bandwidth. **4. Resources required** | Resource | Quantity / detail | |---|---| | Servers | Web/intranet (CMS), mail, DNS+DHCP, file, proxy, database/application (6-7) | | Core switches | 2 L3 | | Access switches | 48-port, 8-10 | | Router and firewall | 1-2 (HA) | | Wireless APs | One per 25-30 users, about 12 | | Storage and backup | NAS or SAN, tape or cloud backup | | UPS and generator | For server room | | Software | OS, web server, CMS, mail server, antivirus, monitoring | | Domain and public IP | Registered domain, static IP block | | Staff | Network administrator, system administrator, web developer/content editors, helpdesk | **5. Intranet portal using CMS.** Install the CMS on the intranet web server, create a section per department, assign roles (author, editor, publisher, admin) and set an approval workflow. Integrate directory login (LDAP). **6. Security.** Firewall with a DMZ for the public web and mail servers, VLAN isolation, ACLs, antivirus, patching, VPN for remote staff, regular backups. **7. Management and training.** Monitoring (SNMP), documentation, user training and an acceptable-use policy. **8. Implementation phases.** Plan, procure, install and test, pilot with one department, roll out, maintain. ```text Internet--[Router/FW]--[Core x2]--[DMZ: Web, Mail] | +--------+--------+--------+ [Dept1] [Dept2] ... [Dept7] (50+ users each) Servers: CMS/intranet, DNS/DHCP, Proxy, File ``` ## Check yourself The answer's key points as multiple-choice questions, with the correct option and why. 1. What does a CMS allow? A. Authorised users to create, edit and publish web content without knowing HTML, with content separated from design B. Only programmers to edit HTML files C. Cables to be managed D. Faster routers Answer: A. A CMS stores content in a database, uses templates and controls roles and workflow. (Key point: CMS definition) 2. How is the internet link size estimated? A. 350 users x 100% x 1 Mbps B. About 350 users, 30% concurrent, 256 kbps each gives roughly 30 Mbps, so a 50 Mbps link is taken C. One user per department D. Fixed at 1 Mbps Answer: B. 350 x 0.3 x 256 kbps is about 27-30 Mbps, so the next size up, 50 Mbps, is chosen with a backup ISP. (Key point: Bandwidth estimate) 3. Where are public web and mail servers placed? A. Inside each department LAN B. In a DMZ behind the firewall C. On the internet with no firewall D. On users' PCs Answer: B. A firewall with DMZ isolates internet-facing servers from the internal network. (Key point: Security of public servers) 4. How is the intranet portal built with the CMS? A. One shared page with no roles B. A section per department with roles (author, editor, publisher, admin), approval workflow and LDAP login C. Every user is administrator D. Content is edited directly on the router Answer: B. Role-based access and approval workflow control who can publish. 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