Syntax and example of scanf()

scanf() reads formatted input from the keyboard (standard input) and stores it in variables. It is declared in <stdio.h>.

Syntax: scanf("format specifiers", &var1, &var2, ...);

• The format string says the type of each input (%d int, %f float, %c char, %s string).
• The address operator & is required for ordinary variables (not for strings).
• It returns the number of values successfully read.

Example:

#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
    int roll;
    float marks;
    char grade;
    scanf("%d %f %c", &roll, &marks, &grade);
    printf("Roll=%d Marks=%.1f Grade=%c\n", roll, marks, grade);
    return 0;
}

For input 7 85.5 A, output:

Roll=7 Marks=85.5 Grade=A