Which engineering effect belongs to a syncline?

Collects water as an artesian basin and gives high rock pressure in tunnels

Loosening of the tunnel roof in tension and trap for oil

Reservoir leakage along dipping limbs

2066 Jestha (old course) · 4 marks

Syncline versus anticline

Short answer

An anticline is an upfold with limbs dipping away from the axis and older rocks in the core; a syncline is a downfold with limbs dipping towards the axis and younger rocks in the core. Anticlines have tensional crests, synclines collect water and have higher rock pressure.

Differentiate between syncline and anticline fold.

Point	Anticline	Syncline
Shape	Upward arch (convex up)	Downward trough (concave up)
Limbs dip	Away from the axis	Towards the axis
Age of beds in the core	Oldest beds in the centre	Youngest beds in the centre
Outcrop pattern	Older beds at the centre, younger outward	Younger beds at the centre, older outward
Stress in the crest/trough	Tension at the top (crest), joints open	Compression at the top; tension at the base
Engineering	Roof loosening in tunnels; leakage in reservoirs; trap for oil/gas	Collects water (artesian basin); holds reservoir water; high rock pressure

   Anticline        Syncline
     ___              
   /     \       \         /
  /       \       \_____/
 limbs dip away    limbs dip towards

✓ Answer checked by Claude Opus 5.5 (high effort)

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