- 2071 Bhadra · 4 marks
Hysteresis and eddy losses depend on frequency
Short answer
Hysteresis loss is proportional to frequency because the B-H loop area (energy/cycle) is fixed, and more cycles per second multiply the loss. Eddy loss is proportional to f^2 because induced emf (∝ f) drives currents whose I^2R loss goes as emf^2.
Give reason: Hysteresis and eddy current losses depend on the frequency of the supply system.
Both losses grow with frequency because a higher frequency means the core is magnetised and demagnetised more times each second and the induced emf in the core is larger.
Hysteresis loss
The energy lost in one cycle per unit volume is the area of the – loop. It depends on the material and only. The number of cycles per second is , so
The loss is directly proportional to . At twice the frequency, the loop is traversed twice as often and the loss doubles (for the same ).
Eddy current loss
The flux in the core is . The emf induced in a lamination is proportional to the rate of change of flux:
The eddy current is , and the loss is . So the loss varies as the square of the induced emf:
Eddy loss is therefore proportional to . At twice the frequency the loss is four times larger.
Note: in a transformer on a fixed supply, . Then is almost independent of , while . The statement is therefore true for a given .
✓ Answer checked by Claude Opus 5.5 (high effort)
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