- Asked 2/23
- 2070 Magh · 6 marks
Bump followed by hydraulic jump, find v1, v2, y4
Short answer
Continuity and energy give v1 = 1.17 m/s, v2 = 3.89 m/s. Hydraulic jump from y2 = 0.3 m (Fr=2.27) gives sequent y4 = 0.82 m.
Water in a horizontal channel accelerates smoothly over a bump and then undergoes a hydraulic jump, as in figure below. If = 1 m and = 30 cm, estimate , and . Neglect friction. [Figure: section (1) upstream; section (2) after the bump of height h with supercritical depth ; section (3) at the start of the jump; a hydraulic jump leading to section (4)]
Given: horizontal channel, m (upstream, subcritical), m (supercritical, after the bump). The jump takes the flow from section 3 (start of jump, still at m because friction is neglected) to section 4. Friction is neglected, and sections 1 and 2 are at the same bed level.
and
Continuity: , so .
Energy (no loss between 1 and 2):
(depth after the jump)
The supercritical depth at the jump toe is m (the same flow, no losses before the jump):
Check by specific force (per unit width): and . The two are equal.
Answer: m/s; m/s; m.
✓ Answer checked by Claude Opus 5.5 (high effort)
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