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Traverse field procedure between two known stations

Short answer

Select intervisible stations, mark and reference them. Set the theodolite at the known start, sight a reference object, measure angles on both faces and lengths forward and backward, then move through stations to the known end. Compare computed and known closing bearings and coordinates, then balance the traverse, usually by Bowditch's rule.

Explain in brief field procedure of traverse survey between two known stations.

A traverse run between two known stations (a link traverse) starts and ends on stations of known coordinates, so it can be fully checked.

 RO1        1          2          3        RO2
  *  K1 o-------o--------o--------o  K2 o  *
 known start                      known end

Field procedure

  1. Reconnaissance and station selection: inspect the route between the known stations K1 and K2, choose stations 1, 2, 3 ... which are intervisible, on firm ground, with long and nearly equal sides.
  2. Marking and referencing: fix pegs or nails, give each a number, and reference it to nearby permanent objects.
  3. Setting up at K1: centre and level the theodolite, sight the reference object (RO1, or a known station) whose bearing is known, then turn clockwise to station 1 and read the angle (both faces, mean).
  4. Measuring the length K1-1 with a calibrated tape (forward and backward) or EDM, applying corrections.
  5. Moving forward: set up at station 1, back-sight K1, fore-sight station 2, read the angle on both faces, and measure the length 1-2. Continue to the end.
  6. At the last known station K2, observe the angle between the last traverse station and the reference object RO2 (a known station) with a known bearing, and the length of the last line.
  7. Booking: record angles, lengths, station descriptions and checks in the field book while observing.
  8. Field checks: compare forward and backward lengths and the face left and face right angles; the computed bearing of the last line (from the known first bearing and the angles) is compared with the known bearing of K2-RO2.

Computation

Balance the angular misclosure, compute latitudes and departures, compare the computed coordinates of K2 with the known ones, and distribute the linear misclosure by Bowditch's rule.

✓ Answer checked by Claude Opus 5.5 (high effort)

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