What is the main disadvantage of intensity interpolation (Gouraud) shading?

It needs a normal at every pixel

It gives the same intensity to the entire polygon

Why do Mach bands appear in Gouraud shading?

Intensity is interpolated linearly, so its slope changes abruptly at polygon edges

Normals are interpolated at each pixel

Only one intensity is used per polygon

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Disadvantage of intensity interpolation

Short answer

Specular highlights inside a polygon may be missed or distorted because intensity is calculated only at vertices; the linear interpolation causes Mach bands at edges where intensity slope changes abruptly.

Mention the disadvantage of the intensity interpolation technique.

The main disadvantage of the intensity-interpolation (Gouraud) technique is that specular highlights inside a polygon may be missed or distorted, because the illumination is calculated only at the vertices. It also produces Mach bands (bright or dark streaks) where the slope of the intensity changes at polygon edges.

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