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Shoring types and flying shore

Short answer

Shoring is temporary support to unsafe structures using inclined, horizontal or vertical members; types are raking, flying, and dead shores. Flying shoring supports two parallel walls across a 3-9 m gap via horizontal shores on wall plates and needles, with inclined struts to straining pieces, keeping ground clear. It uses wall plates, needles, horizontal shores, struts, cleats, straining pieces and wedges.

Define shoring (list out its types). Explain (describe) flying shoring with necessary sketches.

Shoring is the temporary support given to an unsafe wall, building or structure to prevent it from collapsing, using inclined, horizontal or vertical timber or steel members, until permanent repair or reconstruction is done.

Types

  • Raking (inclined) shore
  • Flying (horizontal) shore
  • Dead (vertical) shore

Flying shore

Flying (horizontal) shore: used when two parallel walls with a narrow gap (3-9 m) between them are to be supported, e.g. when the building between them is demolished. A horizontal shore is fixed between wall plates on the two walls, supported on needles, with inclined struts from lower needles up to straining pieces on the horizontal shore. No part touches the ground, hence "flying".

  wall                                      wall
  |  ||==N====== horizontal shore ======N==||  |
  |  ||     [sp]                  [sp]     ||  |
  |  ||      /                      \      ||  |
  |  ||    /   strut          strut   \    ||  |
  |  ||  /                              \  ||  |
  |  ||N/                                \N||  |
  |  ||                                    ||  |
  || = wall plate, N = needle, [sp] = straining piece

A single flying shore is used for gaps up to about 9 m; a double (compound) flying shore is used for wider gaps. The system is cheaper than raking shores and keeps the ground clear for work.

Parts: wall plates, needles, horizontal shores, struts, cleats, straining pieces and folding wedges. Use: when the buildings on both sides of a gap must be supported, such as after demolition of the building between them, or during alteration of one wall.

✓ Answer checked by Claude Opus 5.5 (high effort)

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