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Differentiate OLTP and OLAP
Short answer
OLTP handles day-to-day transactions like banking deposits with fast, normalized operations on current data. OLAP supports decision making by analyzing large volumes of historical, summarized data from a data warehouse using complex queries and multidimensional operations.
Differentiate between OLTP and OLAP.
OLTP (Online Transaction Processing) handles day-to-day transactions (insert, update, delete) such as bank deposits and ticket booking. OLAP (Online Analytical Processing) analyses large volumes of historical data from a data warehouse for decision making, using multidimensional operations (roll-up, drill-down, slice, dice).
| Basis | OLTP | OLAP |
|---|---|---|
| Purpose | Run daily operations | Analysis and decision support |
| Data | Current, detailed | Historical, summarised, integrated |
| Source | Operational databases | Data warehouse / data marts |
| Operations | Short insert, update, delete, simple reads | Complex queries, aggregation, read mostly |
| Design | Normalised (ER model) | Denormalised (star/snowflake schema) |
| Users | Clerks, operators, customers | Managers, analysts, executives |
| Size | MB to GB | GB to TB or more |
| Response | Milliseconds, very fast | Seconds to minutes |
| Transactions | Many, small | Few, large |
| Availability and concurrency | Very high availability; strict concurrency control and recovery | Mostly read-only, so concurrent updates are less of a concern |
| Example | ATM withdrawal | Sales trend report by region and year |
✓ Answer checked by Claude Opus 5.5 (high effort)
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