- 2075 Bhadra · 4 marks
Compare JPEG and MPEG
Short answer
JPEG compresses still images using spatial redundancy (DCT, quantization, Huffman), achieving about 10:1 to 20:1. MPEG compresses video and audio using both spatial and temporal redundancy, with I, P, B frames and motion estimation, achieving 50:1 to 100:1 or more. MPEG's I frames are JPEG-like.
Compare JPEG and MPEG.
JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group) compresses still images. MPEG (Moving Picture Experts Group) compresses moving pictures (video) together with audio.
| Point | JPEG | MPEG |
|---|---|---|
| Media | Still images | Video and audio |
| Redundancy used | Spatial only (within one image) | Spatial and temporal (between frames) |
| Core methods | DCT, quantization, zig-zag, Huffman | DCT plus motion estimation and compensation, Huffman |
| Frame types | Each image coded independently | I, P and B frames in a group of pictures |
| Compression ratio | About 10:1 to 20:1 | About 50:1 to 100:1 or more |
| Delay and complexity | Low; encoder and decoder are symmetric | Higher; encoding is more complex than decoding |
| Random access | Not applicable | Possible at I frames |
| Audio | None | Includes audio coding and synchronisation |
| Standard types | Baseline, progressive, lossless JPEG | MPEG-1, MPEG-2, MPEG-4 |
| Uses | Photos, web images, cameras | DVD, digital TV, streaming |
Relation: the I frames of MPEG are coded almost exactly like JPEG images. Motion JPEG codes every frame as a JPEG, giving easy editing but a larger file than MPEG.
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