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High level vs low level languages
Short answer
High-level languages use English-like statements, are machine-independent, portable, and easier to debug but slower. Low-level languages (machine and assembly) are machine-dependent, give direct hardware control, run faster, but are difficult to write and debug.
Distinguish between high level and low level programming languages.
High-level languages (C, Java, Python) use English-like statements and are independent of the machine. Low-level languages (machine and assembly language) are close to the hardware and depend on the CPU.
| High-level language | Low-level language |
|---|---|
| Easy to learn, read and write | Difficult to learn and write |
| Machine independent (portable) | Machine dependent |
| Needs a compiler or interpreter | Needs an assembler (or none for machine language) |
| One statement becomes many machine instructions | One statement is about one machine instruction |
| Programmer cannot control hardware directly | Direct control of registers, memory and I/O |
| Programs run slower and use more memory | Programs run faster and use less memory |
| Easy to debug and maintain | Hard to debug and maintain |
| Used for application software | Used for device drivers, embedded systems |
✓ Answer checked by Claude Opus 5.5 (high effort)
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