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Model time scale, prototype day and moon

Short answer

Froude similarity gives time ratio Tr = √(Lr/gr). On earth gr=1, Tr=1/20, model day = 1.2 h. On the moon gr=1/6, Tr=√(6/400)=0.1225, model day ≈ 2.94 h.

1:400 model is constructed to study tides. What length of time in the model corresponds to a day in the prototype? Suppose the model could be transported to the moon and tested there. What then would be the time relationship between model and prototype? Given, 'g' of earth = 6 times 'g' of moon.

Tides are gravity-dominated, so the Froude law applies: VgL\dfrac{V}{\sqrt{gL}} is the same in model and prototype. The time scale then follows from the length scale and the gravity ratio.

Time scale

Velocity scale Vr=grLrV_r = \sqrt{g_rL_r}, and time T=L/VT = L/V, so:

Tr=LrVr=LrgrT_r = \frac{L_r}{V_r} = \sqrt{\frac{L_r}{g_r}}

Case 1: model tested on earth (gr=1g_r = 1)

Tr=1400=120T_r = \sqrt{\frac{1}{400}} = \frac{1}{20}

Model time for one prototype day =24×120=1.2= 24 \times \dfrac1{20} = 1.2 h =72= 72 min.

Case 2: model tested on the moon

The prototype is on earth, the model on the moon, so gr=gm/gp=1/6g_r = g_m/g_p = 1/6.

Tr=1/4001/6=6400=0.1225T_r = \sqrt{\frac{1/400}{1/6}} = \sqrt{\frac{6}{400}} = 0.1225

Model time for one prototype day =24×0.1225=2.94= 24 \times 0.1225 = 2.94 h (about 2 h 56 min).

Answer: on earth, 1 prototype day corresponds to 1.2 h of model time (Tr=1/20T_r = 1/20). On the moon, Tr=0.1225T_r = 0.1225 and 1 prototype day corresponds to about 2.94 h of model time; the model time is 0.1225×0.1225\times the prototype time.

✓ Answer checked by Claude Opus 5.5 (high effort)

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