- Asked 2/13
- 2075 Baisakh · 2+3 marks
- 2070 Bhadra · 5 marks
z-transform of (1-e^{-at}); final value
Short answer
X(z) = z(1 - e^{-aT}) / [(z-1)(z - e^{-aT})]. By the final value theorem, x(∞) = lim_{z→1} (z-1)X(z) = 1.
Obtain the z-transform of x(t) = (1 - e^{-at}), a > 0 and hence evaluate x(∞) by using final value theorem.
z-transform
Take sampling period T. x(kT) = 1 − e^(−akT).
Z[1] = z/(z − 1) (|z| > 1), Z[e^(−at)] = z/(z − e^(−aT)).
X(z) = z/(z − 1) − z/(z − e^(−aT)) = z [ (z − e^(−aT)) − (z − 1) ] / [ (z − 1)(z − e^(−aT)) ]
X(z) = z (1 − e^(−aT)) / [ (z − 1)(z − e^(−aT)) ]
Final value x(∞)
Final value theorem: x(∞) = lim (z → 1) (z − 1) X(z). Since a > 0, e^(−aT) < 1, so the only pole outside the open unit disc is at z = 1, which is cancelled by (z − 1); the theorem applies.
x(∞) = lim (z → 1) z (1 − e^(−aT)) / (z − e^(−aT)) = (1 − e^(−aT)) / (1 − e^(−aT)) = 1
Answer: x(∞) = 1
This agrees with the direct limit: 1 − e^(−at) → 1 as t → ∞.
✓ Answer checked by Claude Opus 5.5 (high effort)
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