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Auxiliary winding construction differs from main winding

Short answer

True. The main winding has low resistance and high reactance; the auxiliary winding has high resistance, low reactance (or series capacitor) to create a phase difference. They are 90° apart for a rotating field; the auxiliary is disconnected by centrifugal switch after starting.

State whether the following statement is true or false and justify: Construction of auxiliary winding of 1 phase induction motor is different from that of the main winding.

True.

Justification: In a single-phase induction motor (split-phase type), the auxiliary (starting) winding is constructed differently from the main winding, because a phase difference is required between their currents to create a rotating field at start.

  • Main winding: thick wire, more turns, low resistance, high reactance; placed in the bottom of the slots. The current lags the voltage by a large angle.
  • Auxiliary winding: thin wire, fewer turns, high resistance and low reactance (or in series with a capacitor); placed in the upper part of the slots, 90∘90^\circ electrical away from the main winding.
  • Because of the difference in R/XR/X ratio, the auxiliary current IaI_a lags the supply voltage by a smaller angle than the main current ImI_m. The phase difference (30° to 40°, or nearly 90° with a capacitor) produces a rotating field and the starting torque.
  • The auxiliary winding is thin and designed for short-time duty, so it is cut out by a centrifugal switch at about 75 % speed to avoid overheating.

✓ Answer checked by Claude Opus 5.5 (high effort)

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