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Output for a decaying stem-plot h[n]

Short answer

Convolve to get y[n] = { -0.5, 0.75, 2.375, 0.1875, 0.09375, 0.5625, 0.25, 0.0625, 0.0625, 0.03125 } for n=-2..7. Sum check: ∑y=3.875=(∑x)(∑h).

A discrete time LTI system has an impulse response as shown below: [Figure: stem plot of h[n] = 2, 1, 0.5, 0.25, 0.125 at n = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 0 elsewhere (shown from n = −2 to 6)]. If the input to the given system is x[n] = {−0.25, 0.5, 1, −0.5, 0, 0.25} (↑ at 1, i.e. x[0] = 1), calculate and plot the output of the system.

From the figure, h[n]={2, 1, 0.5, 0.25, 0.125}h[n]=\{2,\ 1,\ 0.5,\ 0.25,\ 0.125\} for n=0..4n=0..4, i.e. h[n]=2(0.5)nh[n]=2(0.5)^n for 0≤n≤40\le n\le4. The input is x[n]={−0.25, 0.5, 1, −0.5, 0, 0.25}x[n]=\{-0.25,\ 0.5,\ 1,\ -0.5,\ 0,\ 0.25\} with x[0]=1x[0]=1, so x[−2]=−0.25, x[−1]=0.5, x[0]=1, x[1]=−0.5, x[2]=0, x[3]=0.25x[-2]=-0.25,\ x[-1]=0.5,\ x[0]=1,\ x[1]=-0.5,\ x[2]=0,\ x[3]=0.25.

The output y[n]=∑kx[k]h[n−k]y[n]=\sum_k x[k]h[n-k] starts at n=−2+0=−2n=-2+0=-2 and ends at n=3+4=7n=3+4=7 (length 6+5−1=106+5-1=10).

Tabular method

Each row is x[k]⋅h[n−k]x[k]\cdot h[n-k]:

kk, x[k]x[k]n=−2n=-2−101234567
−2, −0.25−0.5−0.25−0.125−0.0625−0.03125
−1, 0.510.50.250.1250.0625
0, 1210.50.250.125
1, −0.5−1−0.5−0.25−0.125−0.0625
2, 000000
3, 0.250.50.250.1250.06250.03125
y[n]y[n]−0.50.752.3750.18750.093750.56250.250.06250.06250.03125

Some values worked out

y[0]=x[−2]h[2]+x[−1]h[1]+x[0]h[0]=−0.125+0.5+2=2.375y[1]=x[−2]h[3]+x[−1]h[2]+x[0]h[1]+x[1]h[0]=−0.0625+0.25+1−1=0.1875y[3]=x[−1]h[4]+x[0]h[3]+x[1]h[2]+x[2]h[1]+x[3]h[0]=0.0625+0.25−0.25+0+0.5=0.5625\begin{aligned} y[0]&=x[-2]h[2]+x[-1]h[1]+x[0]h[0]=-0.125+0.5+2=2.375\\ y[1]&=x[-2]h[3]+x[-1]h[2]+x[0]h[1]+x[1]h[0]=-0.0625+0.25+1-1=0.1875\\ y[3]&=x[-1]h[4]+x[0]h[3]+x[1]h[2]+x[2]h[1]+x[3]h[0]=0.0625+0.25-0.25+0+0.5=0.5625 \end{aligned}

Sum check: ∑y=3.875=(∑x)(∑h)=1×3.875\sum y=3.875=(\sum x)(\sum h)=1\times3.875.

Answer:

nn−2−101234567
y[n]y[n]−0.50.752.3750.18750.093750.56250.250.06250.06250.03125

and y[n]=0y[n]=0 elsewhere.

Plot of y[n]

(Not to scale for the small values.)

    y[n]
  2.375           o
   0.75      o    |
 0.5625      |    |              o
   0.25      |    |              |    o
 0.1875      |    |    o         |    |
0.09375      |    |    |    o    |    |
 0.0625      |    |    |    |    |    |    o    o
0.03125      |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    o
      0 +----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+--> n
   -0.5 o
        -2   -1   0    1    2    3    4    5    6    7

✓ Answer checked by Claude Opus 5.5 (high effort)

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