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Lake loss from monthly pan evaporation

Short answer

Annual pan evaporation sum is 228.7 cm. Lake evaporation depth = 0.7 ×228.7 =160.1 cm. Mean area 2.675 km² gives loss volume 4.28×10⁶ m³.

Following are the monthly pan evaporation data (Jan-Dec) near Kathmandu in a certain year in cm: 16.7, 14.3, 17.8, 25.0, 28.6, 21.4, 16.7, 16.7, 16.7, 16.7, 21.4, 16.7. The water spread area in a lake nearby in the beginning of January in that year was 2.80 km2^2 and at the end of December it was measured as 2.55 km2^2. Calculate the loss of water due to evaporation in that year. Assume a pan coefficient of 0.7.

Lake evaporation =Cp×= C_p \times pan evaporation, and the volume lost == depth ×\times mean water-spread area.

Step 1: Annual pan evaporation

16.7+14.3+17.8+25.0+28.6+21.4+16.7+16.7+16.7+16.7+21.4+16.7=228.716.7+14.3+17.8+25.0+28.6+21.4+16.7+16.7+16.7+16.7+21.4+16.7 = 228.7 cm

Step 2: Lake evaporation depth

EL=0.7×228.7=160.09 cm=1.6009 mE_L = 0.7\times228.7 = 160.09\ \text{cm} = 1.6009\ \text{m}

Step 3: Mean water-spread area

Aavg=2.80+2.552=2.675 km2=2.675×106 m2A_{avg} = \frac{2.80 + 2.55}{2} = 2.675\ \text{km}^2 = 2.675\times10^6\ \text{m}^2

Step 4: Volume of evaporation loss

V=1.6009×2.675×106=4,282,407 m3V = 1.6009\times 2.675\times10^6 = 4,282,407\ \text{m}^3

Answer: Evaporation depth = 160.1 cm; volume lost = 4.28 × 10⁶ m³ (about 4.28 million m³) in the year.

✓ Answer checked by Claude Sonnet 5.5

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