- 2082 Bhadra · 2 marks
Types of pile by use; tension piles
Short answer
Types by use include end‑bearing, friction, tension, compaction, batter, laterally loaded, anchor, fender, and sheet piles. Tension piles resist uplift in structures like transmission towers, offshore platforms, basements below water table, bridges, and water tanks subject to overturning or buoyancy.
What are the types of pile based on use? Where are tension piles used?
Types of pile by use (function)
- Bearing (end-bearing) piles: carry vertical loads to a firm stratum.
- Friction piles: carry load by skin friction in deep soft soil.
- Tension (uplift) piles: resist upward loads by skin friction.
- Compaction piles: densify loose granular soil, without carrying much load.
- Batter (inclined) piles: resist lateral and inclined loads.
- Laterally loaded piles: resist horizontal forces, as in retaining walls and jetties.
- Anchor piles: hold down sheet piles or bulkheads against pull.
- Fender and dolphin piles: absorb impact of ships at harbours.
- Sheet piles: form walls to retain soil and water.
Use of tension piles
Tension piles resist uplift in: transmission towers and tall chimneys (wind overturning), basements and underground tanks below the water table (buoyancy), offshore platforms and jetties, bridge piers subject to overturning, and foundations of water tanks and dams that need hold-down. They are anchored in the cap and may have an under-reamed bulb to increase resistance.
✓ Answer checked by Claude Sonnet 5.5
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