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Reservoir capacity: rice, wheat, sugarcane

Short answer

For each crop, Q = A/D, volume = Q × B × 86400. Total field volume 336.37 Mm³. After 18% canal loss: 410.21 Mm³; after 14% reservoir loss: 476.99 Mm³. Reservoir capacity ≈ 476.99 million m³.

The base period, intensity of irrigation and duty of various crops under a canal irrigation system are given in the table below. Find the reservoir capacity if the canal losses are 18% and reservoir losses are 14%.

CropBase periods (days)Duty at the field (Ha/Cumecs)Area under the crop (hectares)
Rice1208503000
Wheat12017004500
Sugarcane3607505400
Vegetables1206501200
Cotton20013002200

Given: canal loss = 18%, reservoir loss = 14%; area, base period and duty of each crop as in the table (the duty is at the field).

Method. For each crop, discharge needed at the field Q=A/DQ = A/D; volume for the base period V=Q×B×86400V = Q\times B\times 86400 m3^3. The losses are taken as a fraction of the water entering that part of the system, so field volume is divided by (1−loss)(1-\text{loss}).

CropArea (ha)Duty (ha/cumec)Q = A/D (cumec)B (days)Volume = Q x B x 86400 (Mm3^3)
Rice3,0008503.52912036.593
Wheat4,5001,7002.64712027.445
Sugarcane5,4007507.200360223.949
Vegetables1,2006501.84612019.141
Cotton2,2001,3001.69220029.243

Total volume at the field: Vf=336.370×106V_f = 336.370\times10^6 m3^3

Allow canal loss (18%):

Vcanal head=336.3701−0.18=410.208×106 m3V_{canal\ head} = \frac{336.370}{1-0.18} = 410.208\times10^6\ \text{m}^3

Allow reservoir loss (14%):

Vreservoir=410.2081−0.14=476.986×106 m3V_{reservoir} = \frac{410.208}{1-0.14} = 476.986\times10^6\ \text{m}^3

Answer: reservoir capacity ≈\approx 476.99 million m3^3 (0.4770 Gm3^3).

✓ Answer checked by Claude Opus 5.5 (high effort)

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