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Short note: operations and maintenance stage

Short answer

The operations and maintenance stage involves daily system running, monitoring, backup, security, and user support. Maintenance types: corrective, adaptive, perfective, and preventive. It consumes 60-70% of life-cycle cost and requires change control.

Write a short note on System operations and maintenance stage.

The operations and maintenance stage is the last and longest stage of the system life cycle, after implementation. The system is used for daily work, and support activities keep it working correctly, efficiently and up to date until it is retired.

System operations

  • Running the system daily: job scheduling, data entry, report generation.
  • Monitoring performance, capacity and availability.
  • Backup, recovery and disaster recovery.
  • Security administration: user accounts, access control and patches.
  • Help desk and user support; incident and problem handling.
  • Documentation and service level agreements.

System maintenance

TypePurpose
CorrectiveFix errors found after delivery
AdaptiveChange the system for a new environment, law or platform
PerfectiveAdd new features or improve performance on user request
PreventiveImprove structure to avoid future problems

Related points

  • Maintenance often takes 60 to 70 percent of the total life-cycle cost.
  • Changes must follow change control with testing and version control.
  • A post-implementation review checks whether goals and benefits are being achieved.
  • When maintenance becomes too costly or the system is obsolete, a new system is planned and the cycle restarts.

✓ Answer checked by Claude Opus 5.5 (high effort)

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