Skip to main content

Commercial products of metal

Short answer

Steel is commercially available as bars (round, square, deformed), structural sections (angles, channels, I-beams), plates and sheets (plain, chequered, CGI), wires and wire mesh, pipes and tubes, rails and strips, castings and forgings (bolts, nuts, manhole covers), and wire ropes.

What are the commercial products (forms) of metal (steel)?

Steel (and iron) is supplied in the market in the following commercial forms:

  1. Bars: round, square and flat bars; deformed bars (TMT/Tor bars) of 6-40 mm diameter for reinforcement.
  2. Structural sections: angles (L), channels (C), I-beams (ISMB), T-sections, H-sections, and hollow sections (square, rectangular, circular).
  3. Plates and sheets: plain sheets, chequered plates, corrugated galvanised iron (CGI) sheets.
  4. Wires: plain and binding wires, high-tensile wire and strands for prestressing, wire mesh and fabric.
  5. Pipes and tubes: GI, black pipes, seamless and welded tubes.
  6. Rails, rods and strips.
  7. Castings and forgings: cast iron pipes, manhole covers and fittings; bolts, nuts, nails, rivets, screws, hooks.
  8. Cables and ropes (wire ropes).

✓ Answer checked by Claude Opus 5.5 (high effort)

All Civil Engineering Materials chapter 8 questions →