- 2079 Bhadra · 6 marks
K-map Σm(7,9,12,13,14,15)+d, NOR-only
Short answer
F = AB + BD + A C' D. For NOR-only: invert A,B,D; P1 = NOR(A',B'), P2 = NOR(B',D'), P3 = NOR(A',C,D'); F = NOR( NOR(P1,P2,P3) ) via a final NOR inverter. Total eight NOR gates.
Simplify the following Boolean function using K-map and draw the circuit of simplified expression using NOR gates only. F = Σm(7,9,12,13,14,15) + don't care (0,2,3,5).
Given .
K-map simplification
CD
AB 00 01 11 10
+---+---+---+---+
00 | X | 0 | X | X |
+---+---+---+---+
01 | 0 | X | 1 | 0 |
+---+---+---+---+
11 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
+---+---+---+---+
10 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
+---+---+---+---+
Groups (don't-care 5 is used in the BD quad; 0, 2, 3 are not needed):
- Quad m(12,13,14,15) →
- Pair m(9,13) →
- Quad m(5,7,13,15) →
Check: 12, 13, 14, 15 by AB; 7 (and 5, 13, 15) by BD; 9 by .
Circuit using NOR gates only
For NOR-only realization of an SOP expression, write each product term as a NOR of complemented literals (De Morgan: ), feed these to a NOR gate (which gives ), and invert with one more NOR whose inputs are tied.
A ──[NOR]── A' (inputs tied)
B ──[NOR]── B' (inputs tied)
D ──[NOR]── D' (inputs tied)
A', B' ──[NOR]── P1 ─┐
B', D' ──[NOR]── P2 ─┤──[NOR]── F'
A', C, D' ──[NOR]── P3 ─┘
F' ──[NOR]── F (inputs tied)
Gates: 3 NOR inverters (), 3 first-level NORs, a 3-input NOR giving and a final NOR inverter.
✓ Answer checked by Claude Opus 5.5 (high effort)
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