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Total pressure and centre on tank face AB

Short answer

The total pressure force onAB is1268 kN, acting3.14 m along the slope from top B (vertical depth2.92 m below B). The centre of pressure is obtained from the trapezoidal pressure diagram.

A tank full of oil (S = 0.8) as shown in figure. Determine total pressure and centre of pressure on surface AB of the tank. Check your result with pressure diagram also. Take length of the tank 6 m. [Figure: tank with pressure gauge reading 19.62 kPa at top; surface AB inclined from A (bottom) to B (top), vertical height 5 m; horizontal dimensions 4 m and 2 m]

Reading of the figure: AB is the inclined side wall, vertical height 5 m and horizontal run 2 m, so its length is L=52+22=5.385L=\sqrt{5^{2}+2^{2}}=5.385 m; width of tank b=6b=6 m; A at the bottom, B at the top. The oil surface (level of B) is under a gauge pressure p0=19.62p_0=19.62 kPa. Oil S=0.8S=0.8, γ=0.8(9.81)=7.848\gamma=0.8(9.81)=7.848 kN/m³.

   B  p0 = 19.62 kPa
    \
     \   AB, L = 5.385 m
      \
   A   \ 5 m vertical

Equivalent oil head of the gauge pressure: 19.627.848=2.5\dfrac{19.62}{7.848}=2.5 m of oil above B.

Total pressure (centroid is 2.5 m below B):

AAB=5.385×6=32.31 m2A_{AB}=5.385\times6=32.31\ \text{m}^2 pc=19.62+7.848(2.5)=39.24 kPap_c=19.62+7.848(2.5)=39.24\ \text{kPa} F=pcAAB=39.24×32.31=1267.9 kNF=p_cA_{AB}=39.24\times32.31=1267.9\ \text{kN}

Centre of pressure. Distance of the centroid from the equivalent free surface along the slope, with sin⁡θ=5/5.385\sin\theta=5/5.385:

yˉ=2.5+2.5sin⁡θ=5.385 m\bar y=\frac{2.5+2.5}{\sin\theta}=5.385\ \text{m} yˉcp−yˉ=L212 yˉ=2912(5.385)=0.449 m\bar y_{cp}-\bar y=\frac{L^{2}}{12\,\bar y}=\frac{29}{12(5.385)}=0.449\ \text{m}

The centre of pressure is L/2+0.449=3.141L/2+0.449=3.141 m from B along AB (vertical depth below B =3.141sin⁡θ=2.917=3.141\sin\theta=2.917 m).

Check with the pressure diagram. Pressures: at B, 19.62 kPa; at A, 19.62+7.848(5)=58.8619.62+7.848(5)=58.86 kPa (trapezium):

F=19.62+58.862×32.31=1267.9 kNF=\frac{19.62+58.86}{2}\times32.31=1267.9\ \text{kN} xB=L3⋅2(58.86)+19.6258.86+19.62=5.3853×1.7500=3.141 m from Bx_{B}=\frac{L}{3}\cdot\frac{2(58.86)+19.62}{58.86+19.62}=\frac{5.385}{3}\times1.7500=3.141\ \text{m from B}

Answer: F≈1268F\approx1268 kN, acting 3.14 m from B along the slope (2.92 m vertically below B).

✓ Answer checked by Claude Opus 5.5 (high effort)

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