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Force to lift plate in liquid gap

Short answer

Clearance each side t = (2.2−0.2)/2 = 1 cm = 0.01 m. Viscous drag F_v = 2 μ A V/t = 2×1.75×2.25×0.15/0.01 = 118.13 N. Buoyancy F_b = ρ g V_p = 39.73 N. Force needed F = W − F_b + F_v = 40 − 39.73 + 118.13 = 118.4 N upward.

A 2.2 cm wide gap between two vertical plane surfaces is filled with liquid of specific gravity 0.9 and dynamic viscosity 1.75 N s/m². A metal plate 1.5 m ×\times 1.5 m ×\times 0.2 cm thick and weighing 40 N is placed midway in the gap. Find the force required if the plate is to be lifted with constant velocity of 0.15 m/s.

Data: gap =2.2=2.2 cm, plate thickness =0.2=0.2 cm, so the clearance on each side is 2.2−0.22=1.0\dfrac{2.2-0.2}{2}=1.0 cm =0.01=0.01 m. A=1.5×1.5=2.25 m2A=1.5\times1.5=2.25\ \text{m}^2, V=0.15V=0.15 m/s, μ=1.75\mu=1.75 N·s/m², W=40W=40 N, ρ=0.9×1000=900 kg/m3\rho=0.9\times1000=900\ \text{kg/m}^3.

  wall |  1 cm | plate | 1 cm |  wall
       |  oil  | 0.2cm | oil  |
                  ^ lifted at 0.15 m/s

Viscous drag on both faces (linear profile):

Fv=2μAVt=2×1.75×2.25×0.150.01=118.13 NF_v=2\mu A\frac{V}{t}=2\times1.75\times2.25\times\frac{0.15}{0.01}=118.13\ \text{N}

Buoyancy (plate volume =1.5×1.5×0.002=0.0045 m3=1.5\times1.5\times0.002=0.0045\ \text{m}^3):

Fb=ρgVp=900×9.81×0.0045=39.73 NF_b=\rho g V_p=900\times9.81\times0.0045=39.73\ \text{N}

Force balance for upward motion at constant velocity:

F+Fb=W+Fv ⇒ F=40−39.73+118.13=118.39 NF+F_b=W+F_v\ \Rightarrow\ F=40-39.73+118.13=118.39\ \text{N}

Answer: F≈118.4F\approx118.4 N upward (about 118 N; if buoyancy is ignored, F=158.1F=158.1 N).

✓ Answer checked by Claude Opus 5.5 (high effort)

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