- Asked 3/26
- 2080 Baisakh · 6 marks
Tow-Thomas LPF, poles -10000 ± j17320.51
Short answer
From poles –10000 ± j17320.51, ω0 = 20000 rad/s, Q = 1. With C = 0.001 µF, R2 = R3 = 50 kΩ, R1 = 50 kΩ, R4 = 20 kΩ, r = 10 kΩ; output at V2 for gain 2.5.
Design a second order low pass filter with poles at -10000 ± j17320.51 and Dc Gain of 2.5 using a Tow Thomas Biquad Circuit. Your final circuit should have capacitors of value 0.001uF.
The Tow-Thomas biquad realizes with three op-amps (lossy integrator, integrator, inverter).
R1 (sets Q)
+--/\/\--+
| C1 |
+---||---+
| |
Vin--R4---+--[OA1]-+--> V1 (band-pass)
^
| V1--R3-->[OA2 integrator, C2]--> V2 (LP)
| V2--r--->[OA3 inverter, r/r]---> V3=-V2
| |
+------------------R2----------------+
All op-amp (+) inputs are grounded. OA1 is a lossy integrator ( in feedback), OA2 an ideal integrator ( in feedback), OA3 a unity-gain inverter.
Low-pass transfer function (output ):
Design
Step 1: and from the poles. Poles with , :
Required transfer function (dc gain ):
Design equations (choose , ):
Step 2: Element values. Given F.
Final circuit: Tow-Thomas biquad (figure above) with , , , , ; take the output at (OA2 output) for a positive dc gain of 2.5.
Answer: , , , , (all practical values).
✓ Answer checked by Claude Sonnet 5.5
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