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Types of microprocessor based instrumentation systems

Short answer

Types: data acquisition, open-loop control, closed-loop PID, supervisory (SCADA), stand-alone/embedded, distributed, PC-based. Benefits: accurate automatic control, many loops handled by one unit, fast alarms, software flexibility, data logging, remote monitoring, reduced manpower and downtime.

What are the types of Microprocessor based system used in instrumentation system? How it makes more benefits in industry?

Microprocessor based systems used in instrumentation can be classified as follows.

  1. Data acquisition (monitoring) systems: only measure, process, display and record variables; no control action. Example: digital multimeter, data logger.
  2. Open loop control systems: the processor gives control outputs without feedback. Example: sequential timer control, traffic lights.
  3. Closed loop control systems: output is fed back; the processor corrects the error (DDC, PID). Example: furnace temperature or motor speed control.
  4. Supervisory systems: the processor sets set points of local controllers and monitors (SCADA, PLC).
  5. Stand-alone (single processor / embedded) vs. distributed (multiprocessor) systems: distributed systems place several processors near the sensors, connected by a network.
  6. PC-based systems: a computer with plug-in DAQ card and software.

Benefits in industry

  • Accurate, automatic and consistent control, giving better product quality.
  • One processor handles many channels, reducing cost and wiring.
  • Fast alarms and safety shutdown.
  • Easy modification by software and easy expansion.
  • Data logging and remote monitoring, less manpower and downtime.

✓ Answer checked by Claude Sonnet 5.5

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