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Pressure on isosceles triangular plate

Short answer

Vertical isosceles triangle (base 4 m, altitude 6 m) with horizontal axis at 6 m depth gives force 706.32 kN from F = ρgA h̄. Center of pressure at 6.111 m depth, 2 m from base, using h* = h̄ + IG/(A h̄) with IG = 8 m⁴.

An isosceles triangle plate of base 4 m and altitude 6 m is immersed vertically in water. Its axis of symmetry is parallel to the free surface and at a depth of 6 m from the free water surface. Calculate the magnitude and location of the total pressure force.

The plate is vertical and its axis of symmetry (the altitude) is horizontal, at 6 m depth. So the 4 m base is vertical, and the centroid lies on the axis at depth 6 m.

 free surface ==========================
                 : 6 m
        |\       :
   4 m  |  \     v
  base  |----G-----> axis (horizontal)
 (vert.)|  /   6 m altitude
        |/

Given: base b=4b = 4 m, altitude h=6h = 6 m, water.

Area and centroid

A=12×4×6=12 m2,hˉ=6 mA = \frac{1}{2}\times 4 \times 6 = 12\ \text{m}^2, \qquad \bar h = 6\ \text{m}

The centroid lies on the axis, at h/3=2h/3 = 2 m from the base (4 m from the apex).

Total pressure

F=ρgAhˉ=1000×9.81×12×6=706 320 N=706.32 kNF = \rho g A\bar h = 1000 \times 9.81 \times 12 \times 6 = 706\,320\ \text{N} = 706.32\ \text{kN}

Second moment about the horizontal centroidal axis (the axis of symmetry)

The triangle is two right triangles, each of base 6 m (along the axis) and height 2 m, on either side of the axis:

IG=2×6×2312=hb348=6×4348=8 m4I_G = 2 \times \frac{6 \times 2^3}{12} = \frac{h b^3}{48} = \frac{6 \times 4^3}{48} = 8\ \text{m}^4

Centre of pressure (depth)

h∗=hˉ+IGAhˉ=6+812×6=6+0.111=6.111 m\begin{aligned} h^* &= \bar h + \frac{I_G}{A\bar h} = 6 + \frac{8}{12 \times 6} \\ &= 6 + 0.111 = 6.111\ \text{m} \end{aligned}

Horizontally, the plate is symmetric about the axis (product of inertia about the centroidal axes is zero), so the centre of pressure lies at the same horizontal position as the centroid: 2 m from the base.

Answer: F=706.32F = 706.32 kN, acting at 6.111 m depth (0.111 m below the axis), 2 m from the vertical base (4 m from the apex).

✓ Answer checked by Claude Opus 5.5 (high effort)

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