Characteristics, non-routine task, progressive elaboration

Characteristics of a project

• Specific objective and deliverable
• Definite start and end (limited life)
• Unique task, not routinely performed
• Progressive elaboration
• Temporary team or organisation
• Limited resources (time, money, manpower)
• Uncertainty and risk
• Interdependent activities
• Multiple stakeholders and customer orientation

Specific task not routinely performed

A project produces something new each time, so it is not a repeated daily operation. Even for similar works, the site, soil, design and conditions differ.

Example: constructing a suspension bridge over the Karnali. Its geology, span, river flow and community are unlike those of any earlier bridge, so a fresh plan and method statement are required. In contrast, repairing potholes every day is routine work.

Progressive elaboration

Details are developed gradually, in steps, as more information becomes available while the project moves forward.

Example: for a hydropower scheme, at first only the idea and the capacity (say 30 MW) are known. The pre-feasibility study gives an approximate layout; the feasibility study fixes the headworks and powerhouse; the detailed design gives drawings, quantities and a precise estimate; and construction drawings are issued as the work proceeds. At each stage the scope and cost become more accurate.