- 2073 Magh · 4 marks
Define compressed liquid, degree of superheat, etc.
Short answer
Compressed liquid is liquid below saturation temperature at its pressure. Degree of superheat is T−T_sat. Quality is the vapor mass fraction; enthalpy h=u+Pv. Specific heat at constant volume c_v=(∂u/∂T)_v.
Define the following terms: compressed liquid, degree of superheat, quality, enthalpy and specific heat at constant volume.
- Compressed (sub-cooled) liquid: liquid at a temperature below the saturation temperature for its pressure (or at a pressure above the saturation pressure for its temperature). It is not about to vaporise.
- Degree of superheat: the difference between the actual temperature of a superheated vapour and the saturation temperature at the same pressure: ΔT_sup = T − T_sat.
- Quality (dryness fraction), x: the ratio of the mass of vapour to the total mass of a saturated liquid-vapour mixture, x = m_g/(m_f + m_g). It lies between 0 (saturated liquid) and 1 (saturated vapour).
- Enthalpy: a property defined as H = U + PV (kJ); specific enthalpy h = u + Pv. It represents the total energy of a flowing fluid per unit mass (internal energy plus flow work).
- Specific heat at constant volume (c_v): the energy required to raise the temperature of a unit mass of a substance by one degree while its volume is constant: c_v = (∂u/∂T)_v.
✓ Answer checked by Claude Opus 5.5 (high effort)
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