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Heat conducted across field coil former

Short answer

Heat flow area = 0.16 m². Series thermal resistances of former and air are 0.0941 and 0.1875 °C/W, total 0.2816 °C/W. For 40 °C rise, conducted heat = 40/0.2816 ≈ 142 W.

The internal dimensions of the former of field coil of d.c. generator are 150×250 mm². The former is 2.5 mm thick. Calculate the heat conducted across the former from winding to core if there is an air space 1.5 mm wide between the former and the pole core. The thermal conductivity of former and air is 0.166 and 0.05 W/m-°C respectively. The winding height is 200 mm and the temperature rise is 40°C.

Heat flows by conduction from the winding, through the former (2.5 mm) and then through the air space (1.5 mm), into the pole core. The two layers are in series, so their thermal resistances add.

Area of heat flow

The heat passes across the inner surface of the former:

Perimeter=2(150+250)=800 mm=0.8 mS=perimeter×winding height=0.8×0.2=0.16 m2\begin{aligned} \text{Perimeter} &= 2(150 + 250) = 800\ \text{mm} = 0.8\ \text{m}\\ S &= \text{perimeter} \times \text{winding height} = 0.8 \times 0.2 = 0.16\ \text{m}^2 \end{aligned}

Thermal resistances

Thermal resistance of a layer: R=tkSR = \dfrac{t}{kS} (°C/W).

Rformer=0.00250.166×0.16=0.0941 ∘C/WRair=0.00150.05×0.16=0.1875 ∘C/WRtotal=0.0941+0.1875=0.2816 ∘C/W\begin{aligned} R_{former} &= \frac{0.0025}{0.166 \times 0.16} = 0.0941\ ^\circ\text{C/W}\\ R_{air} &= \frac{0.0015}{0.05 \times 0.16} = 0.1875\ ^\circ\text{C/W}\\ R_{total} &= 0.0941 + 0.1875 = 0.2816\ ^\circ\text{C/W} \end{aligned}

Heat conducted

Q=θRtotal=400.2816=142.0 WQ = \frac{\theta}{R_{total}} = \frac{40}{0.2816} = 142.0\ \text{W}
 winding | former | air |  pole core
  (hot)  | 2.5 mm |1.5mm|
   ----> heat flow ---->

The air space has about twice the resistance of the former, so a tight fit between former and core improves cooling.

Answer: heat conducted from winding to core ≈ 142 W.

✓ Answer checked by Claude Sonnet 5.5

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