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Settling tank 30 m x 3 m; velocity for 0.02 mm

Short answer

Settling velocity by Stokes is 0.036 cm/s (21.58 mm/min). Horizontal velocity = v_s × L/H = 21.58 × 10 = 215.8 mm/min, so recommend ≤216 mm/min.

In a continuous flow settling tank 30 m long and 3 m deep, what velocity of water would you recommend for effective removal of 0.02 mm particles. Express the velocity in mm/min. Assume specific gravity of particles = 2.65 and kinematic viscosity of water = 0.01 cm2^2/sec.

For complete removal in an ideal horizontal-flow tank, a particle must settle through depth HH while the water flows through length LL:

vh=vs LHv_h=v_s\,\frac{L}{H}

Step 1: Settling velocity of the 0.02 mm particle

d=0.002d=0.002 cm, Ss=2.65S_s=2.65, ν=0.01\nu=0.01 cm²/s:

vs=981×1.65×0.002218×0.01=0.03597 cm/s=0.3597 mm/s=21.58 mm/min(Re=0.007<1)v_s=\frac{981\times1.65\times0.002^2}{18\times0.01}=0.03597\ \text{cm/s}=0.3597\ \text{mm/s}=21.58\ \text{mm/min}\quad(Re=0.007<1)

Step 2: Velocity of flow

L=30L=30 m, H=3H=3 m, L/H=10L/H=10:

vh=21.58×10=215.8 mm/minv_h=21.58\times10=215.8\ \text{mm/min}

(= 0.216 m/min, which is below the usual maximum of 0.3 m/min.)

Answer: velocity of flow ≈216\approx216 mm/min.

✓ Answer checked by Claude Opus 5.5 (high effort)

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