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Minimum safe width of 18 m elementary profile

Short answer

For no uplift: B = 18/√2.25 = 12.0 m. For full uplift: B = 18/√(2.25−1) = 16.1 m. These are minimum safe widths to avoid tension.

Find the minimum safe width for an elementary profile of a gravity dam of 18 m height. The specific gravity of the dam material is 2.25. Consider both no uplift and full uplift conditions.

For the elementary profile (right-angled triangle, vertical u/s face, apex at the water level) the minimum width to avoid tension (resultant at the lower third point, e=B/6e=B/6) is

B=HSc−KB=\frac{H}{\sqrt{S_c-K}}

where KK is the uplift coefficient (K=0K=0 for no uplift, K=1K=1 for full uplift at the heel). Here H=18H=18 m, Sc=2.25S_c=2.25.

a) No uplift (K=0K=0)

B=182.25=181.5=12.00 mB=\frac{18}{\sqrt{2.25}}=\frac{18}{1.5}=12.00\ \text{m}

b) Full uplift (K=1K=1)

B=182.25−1=181.25=16.10 mB=\frac{18}{\sqrt{2.25-1}}=\frac{18}{\sqrt{1.25}}=16.10\ \text{m}

Uplift increases the width needed by about 34%.

Answer: minimum safe width = 12.0 m without uplift and 16.1 m with full uplift. (The friction coefficient is not given, so the sliding width H/μ(Sc−K)H/\mu(S_c-K) is not checked.)

✓ Answer checked by Claude Opus 5.5 (high effort)

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