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Ybus modified by phase-shifting transformer

Short answer

Original Ybus: diagonals 4.0701 - j17.1798 pu, off-diagonals -2.0351 + j8.6099 pu. With phase shifter t=e^(j30°) at line 2-3 midpoint, Y23=2.5425+j8.4739, Y32=-6.0674+j6.4389; other elements unchanged, making Ybus unsymmetric.

Consider a 3-bus power system network. The series impedance and shunt admittance of each line are 0.026 + j0.11 pu and j0.04 pu respectively. Find: (i) the bus admittance matrix. (ii) the modified bus admittance matrix if a tap changing transformer inserted in mid-point between bus 2 and 3 having turn ratio t = e^(j30°). [Figure: Gen 1 at bus 1, Gen 2 at bus 2, load at bus 3; lines 1-2, 1-3 and 2-3]

Assumption: j0.04j0.04 pu is the total shunt admittance of each line, so j0.02j0.02 pu is placed at each end.

(i) Bus admittance matrix

y=10.026+j0.11=2.0351−j8.6099 pu (=8.8471∠−76.70∘)y = \frac{1}{0.026 + j0.11} = 2.0351 - j8.6099\ \text{pu}\ (= 8.8471\angle -76.70^\circ) Yii=2y+2(j0.02)=4.0701−j17.1798Yik=−y=−2.0351+j8.6099\begin{aligned} Y_{ii} &= 2y + 2(j0.02) = 4.0701 - j17.1798 \\ Y_{ik} &= -y = -2.0351 + j8.6099 \end{aligned} Ybus=[4.0701−j17.1798−2.0351+j8.6099−2.0351+j8.6099−2.0351+j8.60994.0701−j17.1798−2.0351+j8.6099−2.0351+j8.6099−2.0351+j8.60994.0701−j17.1798]Y_{bus} = \begin{bmatrix} 4.0701 - j17.1798 & -2.0351 + j8.6099 & -2.0351 + j8.6099 \\ -2.0351 + j8.6099 & 4.0701 - j17.1798 & -2.0351 + j8.6099 \\ -2.0351 + j8.6099 & -2.0351 + j8.6099 & 4.0701 - j17.1798 \end{bmatrix}

(ii) Phase-shifting transformer at the mid-point of line 2-3

The transformer has t=ej30∘t = e^{j30^\circ} (∣t∣=1|t| = 1), with the "1" side towards bus 2. For an ideal shifter, Vb=tVaV_b = tV_a and, being lossless, VaIa∗=VbIb∗V_aI_a^* = V_bI_b^*, so Ia=t∗IbI_a = t^*I_b.

Splitting the line into two halves z/2z/2 and referring the bus-2 half to the bus-3 side (×∣t∣2=1\times |t|^2 = 1) gives total series admittance yy on the bus-3 side. The two-port equations are:

[I2I3]=[∣t∣2y−t∗y−t yy][V2V3]\begin{bmatrix} I_2 \\ I_3 \end{bmatrix} = \begin{bmatrix} |t|^2y & -t^*y \\ -t\,y & y \end{bmatrix} \begin{bmatrix} V_2 \\ V_3 \end{bmatrix}

Since ∣t∣2=1|t|^2 = 1, Y22Y_{22} and Y33Y_{33} do not change. Only the mutual terms change:

Y23=−t∗y=−(1∠−30∘)(8.8471∠−76.70∘)=8.8471∠73.30∘=2.5425+j8.4739Y32=−t y=−(1∠30∘)(8.8471∠−76.70∘)=8.8471∠133.30∘=−6.0674+j6.4389\begin{aligned} Y_{23} &= -t^*y = -(1\angle -30^\circ)(8.8471\angle -76.70^\circ) = 8.8471\angle 73.30^\circ = 2.5425 + j8.4739 \\ Y_{32} &= -t\,y = -(1\angle 30^\circ)(8.8471\angle -76.70^\circ) = 8.8471\angle 133.30^\circ = -6.0674 + j6.4389 \end{aligned}

Answer:

Ybus,new=[4.0701−j17.1798−2.0351+j8.6099−2.0351+j8.6099−2.0351+j8.60994.0701−j17.17982.5425+j8.4739−2.0351+j8.6099−6.0674+j6.43894.0701−j17.1798] puY_{bus,new} = \begin{bmatrix} 4.0701 - j17.1798 & -2.0351 + j8.6099 & -2.0351 + j8.6099 \\ -2.0351 + j8.6099 & 4.0701 - j17.1798 & 2.5425 + j8.4739 \\ -2.0351 + j8.6099 & -6.0674 + j6.4389 & 4.0701 - j17.1798 \end{bmatrix}\ \text{pu}

With a phase shifter, YbusY_{bus} is no longer symmetric (Y23≠Y32Y_{23} \ne Y_{32}), because tt is complex. (If the shifter is taken the other way round, Y23Y_{23} and Y32Y_{32} swap.)

✓ Answer checked by Claude Sonnet 5.5

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