Skip to main content

Excitation emf of motor drawing 160 A

Short answer

Using motor equation: V_ph = 1905.26 V, Ia = 160∠-36.87° A. Voltage drop Ia Zs = 630.4 + j627.2 V. Ef = V - Ia Zs = 1420.8 V per phase (2.46 kV line) lagging V by 26.20°.

The full load current of 3.3 kVA, star-connected synchronous motor is 160 A at 0.8 pf lagging. The resistance and synchronous reactance of the motor are 0.8 Ω and 5.5 Ω per phase respectively. Calculate the excitation emf. Assume mechanical stray load loss to be 30 kW.

Reading of data: "3.3 kVA" is a misprint for 3.3 kV (a 3.3 kVA motor cannot take 160 A). Star connection. The stray loss does not affect the excitation emf, since EfE_f depends only on VV, IaI_a and ZsZ_s.

V=33003=1905.26 V per phaseV = \frac{3300}{\sqrt3} = 1905.26\ \text{V per phase}

Motor equation: E⃗f=V⃗−I⃗a(Ra+jXs)\vec E_f = \vec V - \vec I_a(R_a + jX_s), with VV as reference.

I⃗a=160∠−36.87∘=128−j96 AI⃗aZs=(128−j96)(0.8+j5.5)=102.4+528+j(704−76.8)=630.4+j627.2 VE⃗f=1905.26−(630.4+j627.2)=1274.86−j627.2=1420.8∠−26.20∘ V\begin{aligned} \vec I_a &= 160\angle -36.87^\circ = 128 - j96\ \text{A} \\ \vec I_aZ_s &= (128 - j96)(0.8 + j5.5) \\ &= 102.4 + 528 + j(704 - 76.8) = 630.4 + j627.2\ \text{V} \\ \vec E_f &= 1905.26 - (630.4 + j627.2) = 1274.86 - j627.2 \\ &= 1420.8\angle -26.20^\circ\ \text{V} \end{aligned}

Line value =3×1420.8=2461= \sqrt3 \times 1420.8 = 2461 V.

Since Ef<VE_f < V the motor is under-excited, which agrees with its lagging power factor.

(For reference: input =3×3300×160×0.8=731.6= \sqrt3 \times 3300 \times 160 \times 0.8 = 731.6 kW, copper loss =3×1602×0.8=61.44= 3 \times 160^2 \times 0.8 = 61.44 kW; the 30 kW stray loss would be used only for output or efficiency.)

Answer: Excitation emf Ef=1421E_f = 1421 V per phase (2.46 kV line), lagging VV by 26.20∘26.20^\circ.

✓ Answer checked by Claude Sonnet 5.5

All Electric Machines II chapter 2 questions →