- 2075 Chaitra · 8 marks
Two-phase signal: 400 and 250 PCU/hr, 7 m roads
Short answer
All-red time 13 s (6+7/1). Y=0.570, L=17 s, Webster cycle 70.9 s adopted 75 s. Phase 1 green 33 s, amber 2 s; Phase 2 green 25 s, amber 2 s; all-red 13 s.
The average normal flow of traffic on cross roads A and B, of width 7m both, during design period are 400 and 250 PCU/hr; the saturation flow values on these roads are estimated as 1250 and 1000 PCU per hour respectively. The all-red time is provided for pedestrian crossing with speed 1 m/sec and initial walk time 6 sec. Design two phase traffic signal.
Both roads are 7 m wide. Pedestrian crossing time (all-red period ) = initial walk 6 s + width/speed = s.
Step 1: Flow ratios
Flow ratio for each approach; the larger value in a phase is the critical one.
| Phase | Approach | q | s | y = q/s |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Phase 1 | Road A | 400 | 1250 | 0.320 |
| Phase 2 | Road B | 250 | 1000 | 0.250 |
Step 2: Lost time
The lost time and amber are not given. As in the usual Webster design, an amber of 2 s per phase is assumed and the lost time per phase is taken as 2 s (equal to the amber), plus the all-red pedestrian period = 13 s. Because the lost time equals the amber, the displayed green equals the effective green.
Step 3: Optimum cycle time (Webster)
Adopt C = 75 s.
Step 4: Green times
Total effective green s, divided in proportion to :
Displayed green start-up loss (so that ):
| Phase | Effective g (s) | Start-up loss (s) | Green G (s) | Amber (s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Phase 1 | 32.6 | 0.0 | 33 | 2 |
| Phase 2 | 25.4 | 0.0 | 25 | 2 |
Check: 33 + 2 + 25 + 2 + 13 = 75 s.
Phase diagram
Cycle = 75 s
Road A: [ GREEN 33 ][A 2][ RED 40 ]
Road B: [ RED 35 ][ GREEN 25 ][A 2][ ALL-RED 13 ]
Pedestrians: [ DON'T WALK 62 ][ WALK 13 ]
✓ Answer checked by Claude Opus 5.5 (high effort)
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