- 2076 Chaitra · 8 marks
Webster signal: 450 and 350 PCU/hr, all-red 15 s
Short answer
Saturation flows: 1440 pcu/h (Road 1), 960 pcu/h (Road 2). Y = 0.677, lost time 24 s. Webster optimum cycle = 130 s. Displayed greens: Road 1 = 51 s, Road 2 = 60 s; amber 2 s each, all‑red 15 s.
The average normal flow of traffic on the cross roads 1 and 2 during design period are 450 and 350 PCU/hr. The saturation headway on these roads are estimates as 2.5sec and 3.75 sec respectively. The all red time required for pedestrian crossing is 15sec. Design two phase signal by Webster's method with neat phase diagram. Take amber time of 2 sec on each phase for clearance and start-up loss time of 2 sec and 3 sec for roads 1 & 2 respectively.
Saturation flow from headway: . Road 1: 3600/2.5 = 1440 PCU/h; Road 2: 3600/3.75 = 960 PCU/h.
Step 1: Flow ratios
Flow ratio for each approach; the larger value in a phase is the critical one.
| Phase | Approach | q | s | y = q/s |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Phase 1 | Road 1 | 450 | 1440 | 0.312 |
| Phase 2 | Road 2 | 350 | 960 | 0.365 |
Step 2: Lost time
Lost time per phase = start-up loss (2 s for road 1, 3 s for road 2) + amber 2 s. The all-red period = 15 s for pedestrian crossing occurs once in the cycle and is added.
Step 3: Optimum cycle time (Webster)
Adopt C = 130 s.
Step 4: Green times
Total effective green s, divided in proportion to :
Displayed green start-up loss (so that ):
| Phase | Effective g (s) | Start-up loss (s) | Green G (s) | Amber (s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Phase 1 | 48.9 | 2.0 | 51 | 2 |
| Phase 2 | 57.1 | 3.0 | 60 | 2 |
Check: 51 + 2 + 60 + 2 + 15 = 130 s.
Phase diagram
Cycle = 130 s
Road 1: [ GREEN 51 ][A 2][ RED 77 ]
Road 2: [ RED 53 ][ GREEN 60 ][A 2][ ALL-RED 15 ]
Pedestrians: [ DON'T WALK 115 ][ WALK 15 ]
✓ Answer checked by Claude Opus 5.5 (high effort)
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