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Webster signal: 450 and 350 PCU/hr, all-red 15 s

Short answer

Saturation flows: 1440 pcu/h (Road 1), 960 pcu/h (Road 2). Y = 0.677, lost time 24 s. Webster optimum cycle = 130 s. Displayed greens: Road 1 = 51 s, Road 2 = 60 s; amber 2 s each, all‑red 15 s.

The average normal flow of traffic on the cross roads 1 and 2 during design period are 450 and 350 PCU/hr. The saturation headway on these roads are estimates as 2.5sec and 3.75 sec respectively. The all red time required for pedestrian crossing is 15sec. Design two phase signal by Webster's method with neat phase diagram. Take amber time of 2 sec on each phase for clearance and start-up loss time of 2 sec and 3 sec for roads 1 & 2 respectively.

Saturation flow from headway: s=3600/hs = 3600/h. Road 1: 3600/2.5 = 1440 PCU/h; Road 2: 3600/3.75 = 960 PCU/h.

Step 1: Flow ratios

Flow ratio y=q/sy = q/s for each approach; the larger value in a phase is the critical one.

PhaseApproachqsy = q/s
Phase 1Road 145014400.312
Phase 2Road 23509600.365
Y=0.312+0.365=0.677Y = 0.312 + 0.365 = 0.677

Step 2: Lost time

Lost time per phase = start-up loss (2 s for road 1, 3 s for road 2) + amber 2 s. The all-red period RR = 15 s for pedestrian crossing occurs once in the cycle and is added.

L=(2.0+2.0)+(3.0+2.0)+15=24.0 sL = (2.0+2.0) + (3.0+2.0) + 15 = 24.0\ \text{s}

Step 3: Optimum cycle time (Webster)

C0=1.5L+51−Y=1.5(24.0)+51−0.677=127.0 sC_0 = \frac{1.5L + 5}{1 - Y} = \frac{1.5(24.0) + 5}{1 - 0.677} = 127.0\ \text{s}

Adopt C = 130 s.

Step 4: Green times

Total effective green =C−L=130−24.0=106.0= C - L = 130 - 24.0 = 106.0 s, divided in proportion to yy:

g1=yY(C−L)=0.3120.677(106.0)=48.9 sg_{1} = \frac{y}{Y}(C-L) = \frac{0.312}{0.677}(106.0) = 48.9\ \text{s} g2=yY(C−L)=0.3650.677(106.0)=57.1 sg_{2} = \frac{y}{Y}(C-L) = \frac{0.365}{0.677}(106.0) = 57.1\ \text{s}

Displayed green G=g+G = g + start-up loss (so that ∑G+∑I+R=C\sum G + \sum I + R = C):

PhaseEffective g (s)Start-up loss (s)Green G (s)Amber (s)
Phase 148.92.0512
Phase 257.13.0602

Check: 51 + 2 + 60 + 2 + 15 = 130 s.

Phase diagram

Cycle = 130 s
Road 1:      [ GREEN 51 ][A 2][            RED 77             ]
Road 2:      [     RED 53     ][ GREEN 60 ][A 2][ ALL-RED 15 ]
Pedestrians: [            DON'T WALK 115           ][ WALK 15 ]

✓ Answer checked by Claude Opus 5.5 (high effort)

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