After 2nd Gauss-Seidel iteration: bus 2 voltage magnitude 1.0300 pu, angle 4.1446°; bus 3 voltage magnitude 0.9891 pu, angle -1.7834°.
In a 3-bus power system the series impedance and shunt admittance of each line are (0.015+j0.12) p.u. and (j0.02) p.u. respectively. Form Y bus and compute the magnitude and phase angles of voltage at bus 2 and 3 after 2nd iteration using G-S method. The data given below are in p.u. [Figure: buses 1, 2 and 3 connected by lines 1-2, 1-3 and 2-3]
Bus
PG
QG
PL
QL
Bus voltage
1
-
-
-
-
1.03∠0°
2
1.5
-
0
0
1.03
3
0
-
1.2
0.5
-
Bus 1 is the slack bus (1.03∠0∘), bus 2 a PV bus (P2=1.5 pu, ∣V2∣=1.03 pu) and bus 3 a PQ bus (P3=−1.2, Q3=−0.5 pu). The shunt admittance j0.02 pu is taken as the total line charging of each line, so j0.01 pu is placed at each end. Flat start: V2(0)=1.03∠0∘, V3(0)=1∠0∘; no acceleration factor; no Q-limits given.
At the PV bus, Q2 is found from the latest voltages, V2 is updated and its magnitude reset to 1.03 pu. Bus 3 then uses the newest V2.
Iteration 1
k=1∑3Y2kVkQ2(1)=0.0308−j0.2256=−Im{V2∗∑kY2kVk}=0.2323puV2(1)V2∗P2−jQ2∑k=2Y2kVkV2(1)δ2=Y221[V2∗P2−jQ2−Y21V1−Y23V3]=1.03001.5000−j0.2323=1.4563−j0.2256=−2.0821+j16.6564=2.0513−j16.3903(1.4563−j0.2256)−(−2.0821+j16.6564)=1.0407+j0.0856=4.7039∘⇒V2(1)=1.0300∠4.7039∘=1.0265+j0.0845(magnitude reset to 1.03)V3(1)V3∗P3−jQ3∑k=3Y3kVkV3(1)=Y331[V3∗P3−jQ3−Y31V1−Y32V2]=1.0000−1.2000+j0.5000=−1.2000+j0.5000=−2.8023+j16.7875=2.0513−j16.3903(−1.2000+j0.5000)−(−2.8023+j16.7875)=0.9904−j0.0262=0.9908∠−1.5151∘pu
Iteration 2
k=1∑3Y2kVkQ2(2)=1.6328−j0.0469=−Im{V2∗∑kY2kVk}=0.1861puV2(2)V2∗P2−jQ2∑k=2Y2kVkV2(2)δ2=Y221[V2∗P2−jQ2−Y21V1−Y23V3]=1.0265−j0.08451.5000−j0.1861=1.4662−j0.0606=−1.8573+j16.6049=2.0513−j16.3903(1.4662−j0.0606)−(−1.8573+j16.6049)=1.0261+j0.0744=4.1446∘⇒V2(2)=1.0300∠4.1446∘=1.0273+j0.0744(magnitude reset to 1.03)V3(2)V3∗P3−jQ3∑k=3Y3kVkV3(2)=Y331[V3∗P3−jQ3−Y31V1−Y32V2]=0.9904+j0.0262−1.2000+j0.5000=−1.1974+j0.5365=−2.7209+j16.8041=2.0513−j16.3903(−1.1974+j0.5365)−(−2.7209+j16.8041)=0.9887−j0.0308=0.9891∠−1.7834∘pu
Result after the 2nd iteration
Bus
∣V∣ (pu)
δ (deg)
2
1.0300
4.1446
3
0.9891
-1.7834
Answer:V2=1.0300∠4.1446∘ pu and V3=0.9891∠−1.7834∘ pu after the 2nd iteration (with Q2=0.1861 pu used in that iteration).