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L-L fault at point B

Short answer

Only positive and negative sequence networks are needed. On a 20 MVA base, Z1=j0.0800 pu, Z2=j0.0501 pu. L-L fault current magnitude = sqrt(3)/(Z1+Z2)=13.31 pu. Base current at 66 kV is 174.95 A, giving fault current 13.31*174.95 = 2.33 kA in phases b and c.

For the power system network shown below, compute the fault current if a L-L fault occurs at point B. Assume pre-fault voltage at the point of fault is 1 p.u. [Figure: generator 20 MVA, 6 kV, Z1 = 10%, Z2 = 5%, Z0 = 2%, Zn = j2 Ω at bus A; transformer 50 MVA, 6/66 kV, Δ/Y, Y solidly grounded, X = 4%, between A and B; line X = 30 Ω between B and C; transformer 40 MVA, 66 kV/3.3 kV, Y/Δ, Y isolated, X = 4%, between C and D; machine 20 MVA, 3.3 kV, Z1 = 10%, Z2 = 5%, Z0 = 2%, Zn = j2 Ω at bus D]

Assumptions: base 20 MVA; base voltages 6 kV (generator side), 66 kV (line), 3.3 kV (motor side). The L-L fault needs only the positive and negative sequence networks, so zero-sequence data and the neutral impedances are not used. Pre-fault voltage Vf=1V_f = 1 pu, no-load.

Per-unit reactances (20 MVA base)

XT1=0.04×2050=0.016 puZbase,66=66220=217.8 Ω,Xline=30217.8=0.1377 puXT2=0.04×2040=0.02 puGenerator: X1=0.10, X2=0.05;Machine at D: X1=0.10, X2=0.05\begin{aligned} X_{T1} &= 0.04 \times \frac{20}{50} = 0.016\ \text{pu} \\ Z_{base,66} &= \frac{66^2}{20} = 217.8\ \Omega,\quad X_{line} = \frac{30}{217.8} = 0.1377\ \text{pu} \\ X_{T2} &= 0.04 \times \frac{20}{40} = 0.02\ \text{pu} \\ \text{Generator: } X_1 &= 0.10,\ X_2 = 0.05;\quad \text{Machine at D: } X_1 = 0.10,\ X_2 = 0.05 \end{aligned}

Sequence networks seen from B

Positive:
 E-j0.1-A-j0.016-B-j0.1377-C-j0.02-D-j0.1-E
                |
           (fault point)
Negative:  same, with j0.05 for both machines, no emf

Thevenin impedances at B:

Z1=j(0.10+0.016) ∥ j(0.1377+0.02+0.10)=j0.116 ∥ j0.2577=j0.0800 puZ2=j(0.05+0.016) ∥ j(0.1377+0.02+0.05)=j0.066 ∥ j0.2077=j0.0501 pu\begin{aligned} Z_1 &= j(0.10+0.016)\ \|\ j(0.1377+0.02+0.10) = j0.116\ \|\ j0.2577 = j0.0800\ \text{pu} \\ Z_2 &= j(0.05+0.016)\ \|\ j(0.1377+0.02+0.05) = j0.066\ \|\ j0.2077 = j0.0501\ \text{pu} \end{aligned}

L-L fault current (phases b and c)

Ia1=−Ia2=VfZ1+Z2=1j0.1301=−j7.687 pu∣If∣=∣Ib∣=∣Ic∣=3 ∣Ia1∣=30.1301=13.31 pu\begin{aligned} I_{a1} &= -I_{a2} = \frac{V_f}{Z_1+Z_2} = \frac{1}{j0.1301} = -j7.687\ \text{pu} \\ |I_f| = |I_b| = |I_c| &= \sqrt3\,|I_{a1}| = \frac{\sqrt3}{0.1301} = 13.31\ \text{pu} \end{aligned}

Base current at B (66 kV):

Ibase=20×1063×66×103=174.95 AI_{base} = \frac{20 \times 10^6}{\sqrt3 \times 66 \times 10^3} = 174.95\ \text{A} If=13.31×174.95=2329.5 AI_f = 13.31 \times 174.95 = 2329.5\ \text{A}

Answer: L-L fault current at B ≈ 13.31 pu ≈ 2.33 kA (in phases b and c, opposite in direction).

✓ Answer checked by Claude Sonnet 5.5

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