Chapter 5 · Watch, then practise
Transport Layer
Compare TCP’s ordered byte stream with UDP datagrams. Use sequence and acknowledgment numbers to reason about reliability without confusing transport delivery with application processing.
3 questions · 3 with related videos. Matches are based on playlist titles; broader background matches are labeled.
What to study
- TCP and UDP services
- Sequence and acknowledgment numbers
- Connection establishment
Chapter playlists
Existing chapter playlist
Notes
Lec-77: TCP vs UDP differences in hindi
Gate Smashers · 11:58
Direct comparison of TCP and UDP services.
1. Choose a transport service
How do the services of TCP and UDP differ?
TCP supplies an ordered byte stream with loss recovery and flow control. UDP preserves datagram boundaries but does not itself guarantee delivery, ordering or duplicate suppression. An application using UDP must supply any additional reliability its use case needs.
Lec-72: TCP Data Transfer | Piggybacking & Pure Acknowledgement
Gate Smashers · 11:24
Explains TCP data transfer and acknowledgments; apply the byte counts from this question.
2. Worked acknowledgment
A TCP segment starts at sequence number 1,000 and carries 500 data bytes. With no gaps, what cumulative ACK follows?
ACK 1,500 identifies the next byte expected. It acknowledges bytes 1,000 through 1,499, assuming all earlier bytes arrived. ACK does not mean the receiving application has processed or permanently stored the data.
Lec-71: TCP connection Establishment and connection Termination | Transport layer
Gate Smashers · 15:12
TCP connection-establishment explanation for tracing the SYN and ACK exchange.
3. Handshake sequence numbers
A client sends SYN with sequence 100; the server replies with SYN sequence 900. What acknowledgments complete the handshake?
The server’s SYN-ACK acknowledges 101. The client’s final ACK acknowledges 901, and its next sequence is 101 if no data was sent. Each SYN consumes one sequence number even though it carries no application byte.